红壤稻田高产高效益复种方式的研究  

MULTIPLE CROPPING PATTERNS FOR HIGH YIELD AND REVENUE IN THE LATERITIC PADDY FIELD

作　　者：许德海[1] 葛乐麟 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》1994年第2期143-148,共6页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

摘　　要：１９９２年，在浙江省兰溪市茶场的红壤稻田上，通过“粮经型”与“粮粮型”（ＣＫ）复种方式比较明确，六种“粮经型”复种方式的产值、纯收益均比ＣＫ高。其中小麦∥绿肥－甘蔗、马铃薯－稻－大豆和小麦∥绿肥－西瓜∥玉米－稻等三种方式，分别每公顷产值２９２４２．５０元，２３１６０．００元和２０１６３．００元，比ＣＫ增１５７．４％，１０３．８％和７７．５％；每公顷纯收益１７６７１．５元，１２１４８．５元和１０９４８．５元，为ＣＫ的５．３６倍、３．６８倍和３．３２倍，差异均达极显著水准。ＣＫ虽然粮食产量高，但产值和效益低。可见，在国家计划经济向市场经济转轨的新形势下，红壤稻田种植业要打破传统的“粮粮型”单一结构，发展粮、经、饲、肥和菜多元结构的复种方式，以便在优化种植结构的基础上，满足国家和社会需求，并使农户得到经济实惠。Comparisons of the multiple cropping patterns of food crop/food crop (CK)and food crop/economic crop based on results of experiments undertaken in lateritic paddy field in Lanx-i,Zhejiang Province in 1992 revealed that all the 6 food crop/economic crop multiple croppingpatterns resulted in higher output value and benefit than the CK did. When wheat/green manure-sugurbeet,potato-rice-soybean and wheat/green manure-watermelon/maize-ricemultiple cropping patterns were applied, output values per hectare were 29 242.50, 23 160.00and 20 163.00 RMB,respectively, being 257.4%,203.8%and 177.5% higher than thoseof the CK,and benefits per hectare were 17 671. 50. 12 148. 50 and 10 948.50 RMB, respec-tively, being 5.1, 4 and 7. 68 times higher than those of the CK. All the differences werehighly significant. In the cases of the CK, lower output value and benefit were observed al-though higher yield were achieved. It is therefore indicated that the traditional food crop/foodcrop cropping pattern in the lateritic paddy field should be altered and diversified multiple cropping systems of food crop, economic crop,forage,green manure and vegetable should be de-veloped with the shift from national planned economy to market economy, so as to meet theneed of our country and society,and enable farmers to get higher income.

关 键 词：红壤 稻田 复种 高产 高效 

分 类 号：S344.3[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]