中国冰川泥石流的一些特征  

The glacial debris flow of China

作　　者：李鸿琏[1] 蔡祥兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州冰川冻土研究所

出　　处：《水土保持通报》1989年第6期1-9,共9页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

摘　　要：本文重点阐述中国近期冰川泥石流的区域分布、发育条件与类型特征。中国的冰川泥石流主要分布在东经102°以西、现代冰川急剧消退的10多座山系中,其中海洋型冰川区泥石流最发育,亚大陆型冰川区泥石流次之,极大陆型冰川区泥石流最弱。按成因划分泥石流类型有冰雪消融型、冰雪融水与雨水混合型及冰湖溃决型。泥石流的发生率与规模,也以海洋型冰川区泥石流为大,如西藏古乡泥石流1964年发生85次,最大流量2.86万立方米/秒。This paper mainly elaborates the regional distribution, developingconditions and the typical characters of recent glacial debris flow in Chi-na. The glacial debris flow mainly distributes in more than ten modernmelting glacier mountain systems which locate at the west of 102°E, am-oung them, the glacial debris flow in maritime area develops extensively,in subcontinental areas takes a second place in developing extendity anddevelops weakest in extracontinental area. According to the causes, thedebris flows are classified as the type of melting ice and snow, the mix-ed type of melting ice and snow with rain and the type of bursting glacierlake. The frequences and scales of debris flow bursting are great in mari-time glacier area, for instance, Guxiang debris flow in Tibet bursted 85times in 1964, the maximum dischareg was 600m^3/s.

关 键 词：中国 冰川 泥石流 特征 

分 类 号：P642.23[天文地球—工程地质学]