应用TM热红外图象和相关的比值处理监测水土流失现状  

Applying TM thermal infrared image and retative ratio processing to monitoring soil and water loss

作　　者：曾开泉 

机构地区：[1]福建农学院土壤化学系

出　　处：《水土保持学报》1989年第1期10-19,共10页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

摘　　要：本文首先分析了应用TM热红外图象和相关的比值处理来监测水土流失的可行性。然后分别论述增强与提取跟水土流失直接相关的主要因子诸如植被覆盖度、地形坡度、土地利用和土壤类型等信息,以及与之间接相关的因子如地面湿度和温度信息的方法。采取的主要方法如下:1、用可增强植被信息的TM比值图象4/3、4/7、5/3、(4-3)/(4+3)、(5-3)/(5+3)及其假彩色合成来提取植被覆盖度信息和相关的土地利用信息;2、用可增强水分信息的比值图象5/7、1/5、2/4、(4-1)/(4+1)、(7-1)/(7+1)及其假彩色合成来提取土壤湿度信息;3、用TM6热红外图象做平滑卷积和假彩色等密度分割处理以及用TM6做比值图象5/6、5/(-6)、6/7及其假彩色合成来提取地面温度信息;4、用可增强地貌信息的TM比值图象5/7、1/5及其假彩色合成来提取地形坡度信息。最后对上述诸因子的信息加以综合分析,来确定水土流失现状类型及其分布。First of all the capability of applying TM thermal infrared image and relative ratio processing to monitoring soil and water loss was discussed in this paper. Then enhancing and abstracting the information of the main factors which relate to soil and water loss directly such as vegetation cover degree, terrain slope degree, land use and soil type as well as the factors which relate to soil and water loss indirectly such as ground temperature and moisture were described. The following are main methords. a.Using TM ratio images which can enhance the inlormation of vegetation such as 4/3, 4/7, 5/3,(4-3)/(4+3),(5-3)/(5+3)as well as their false color composite pictures for abstracting the information of vegetation cover degree, relative land use and soil type. b.Using TM ratio images which can enhance the information of water such as 5/7, 1/5, 2/4,(4-1)/(4+1),(7-1/(7+1)as well as their false color composite pictures for abstracting the information of soil moisture, c.Using TM6 thermal infrared image for smoothing convolution and pseudo color density slicing as well as for making ratio images such as TM 6/5, TM 6/(-5), TM 6/7 and their false color composite pictures to enhance and abstract the information of ground temperature, d. Using TM ratio images which can enhance topographic information such as TM5/7, 1/5 and their false colou composition for abstracting the information of slope degree. Finally, the types of soil and water loss and their distribution were definited on the basis of an analysis of above factors.

关 键 词：热红外图象 比值处理 水土流失 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]