原油中金属杂质的脱除  

Removal of Metallic Impurities in Crudes

作　　者：徐岳峰[1] 张佩甫[1] 张同生[1] 戴琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]洛阳石化工程公司

出　　处：《炼油设计》1994年第5期27-31,共5页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：开发了一种从原油中脱除钙、镁、铁等金属杂质的技术,该技术采用一种脱金属剂,在一般电脱盐装置上脱金属效果显著。试验表明,脱金属对原油加工过程有积极作用,例如电脱盐过程的电流大幅度下降,脱盐效率提高;常减压蒸馏装置的腐蚀和换热器、炉管的结垢减轻;重油催化裂化轻油收率有增加趋势;延迟焦化石油焦的灰分减少;对保护重油加氢催化剂活性,减少催化剂床层堵塞有利。The technique removing metallic impurities such as calcium, magnesium and iron, etc. in crudes was developed. Adopting a demetalization agent, the technique has remarkable results in conventional electro-desalting units. Experiments showed that the demetalization has advantages to crude processing. For examples, the electric current in desalting greatly decreased, while the desalting efficiency enhanced; the corrosion in atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit and the fouling of both heat exchanges and furnace tube reduced; increasing tendency of the light oil yield in heavy oil catalytic cracking appeared;the ash content of petroleum coke in delayed coking reduced. It was also favourable for protecting catalyst activity in heavy oil hydroprocessing as well as for reducing blocking of catalyst bed.

关 键 词：原油 脱金属 前处理 

分 类 号：TE624.1[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]