黄藤栽培技术的研究  

A Study on Cultivation Techniques of Daemonorops margaritae

作　　者：许煌灿[1] 尹光天[1] 曾炳山[1] 傅精钢 张伟良[1] 张国 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广州白云区林业局,广东省高州林业局

出　　处：《林业科学研究》1994年第3期239-246,共8页Forest Research

基　　金：林业部"七五"重点科研项目;加拿大国际发展研究中心(IDRC)资助

摘　　要：论述了黄藤的壮苗培育和造林技术、藤林的经营采收技术及经营黄藤林经济效益。２３°３０’Ｎ以南为黄藤适生栽培区，年均温２０～２４．５℃，极端低温大于一２．８℃，１５Ｃ活动积温大于５８００℃；年降雨量大于１２００ｍｍ。适宜的立地：林内相对光照强度大于５０％，土壤润湿，表土有机质含量大于２％，全氮大于０．１％，全磷大于０．０１％，ｐＨ４．４～６．７。在１５℃条件下，保持种子在２９％的安全含水率的湿藏法，能有效保持种子活力６个月。黄藤造林的综合技术质量指标：１年生苗木的合格苗叶片数大于４．Ｏ片，苗高大于２５ｃｍ，壮苗叶片数大于５．Ｏ片，苗高大于３５ｃｍ；８年生藤林成丛株数大于１３．Ｏ株，１２年生藤林原藤产量７０００ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，速生丰产林平均成丛株数大于５０株，总茎长大于１００ｍ／丛，采收量大于１００００ｋｇ／ｈｍ２。本文还论述了黄藤的工艺成熟龄、采收间隔期、采收和经营方法以及经营黄藤林的经济效益。Based on the discussion of the bioecological characteristics of D. margaritae,in this paper,the cultivation techniques including seedling raising,plantation establishment and management,harvest,and economic benefit of the plantation are presented.The region located to the south of 23°30’N with an annual mean temperature 20～24.5℃,absolute minimum temperature>2. 8℃,15℃ active accumulated temperature>5800 ℃/year,and annual rainfall l 200 mm,is suitable for cultivation of D. margaritae. The appropriate site should be sheltered(50%in relative light intensity),moist soil with the content of or-ganic matter in top soil >2%,total N>0.1%,total P>0.01%,and pH 4.4～6.7.The seeds can be stored for 6 months without losing their vitality at the controlled condition,The integrated quality indexes are listed below: qualified seedling(1 year old)should have more than 4 leaves and over 25 cm in height;superior seedling more than 5 leaves and over 35 cm in height;number of stems in each clump should be more than l3 in 8 years old plantation;and yield of l2 years old plantation reaches 7 000 kg/hm2.Moreover,the standard sets for the fast-growing rattan plantation is that the average number of stems per clump>50,total length of stems>100 m per clump,and yield >l0 000 kg/hm2.This paper also deals with the technical maturity, harvest rotation,management meth-ods,and evaluation of economic benefit of rattan plantation.The results showed that in a 25-year management period of the rattan plantation,the output value is greater than l50000 yuan/hm2,net income>130 000 yuan/hm2, NPV>16 000 yuan/hm2,and investment recov-ery period<11 years.

关 键 词：黄藤 育苗 造林 林藤间种 效益 

分 类 号：S792.990.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]