北方杨树上冰核活性细菌的研究  

A Study on Ice Nucleation Active Bacteria in Northern Poplars

作　　者：曾大鹏[1] 张永祥[1] 晁龙军[1] 汪来发[1] 孙福在[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林保护研究所,中国农业科学院植物保护研究所

出　　处：《林业科学研究》1994年第5期488-491,共4页Forest Research

摘　　要：从辽宁省、黑龙江省及北京市的杨树不同部位及干部溃疡类病害的病斑上分离到大量细菌。约有６０％左右的菌株在－３．５～６℃具有冰核活性。其中，从树干冻伤部位分离的细菌数量最多，冰核活性细菌的比例也最高；由ＤｏｔｈｅｏｒｅｌｌａｇｒｅｇａｒｉａＳａｃｃ．引起的大型溃疡病病斑上也分离到较多的冰核活性细菌。用干部大型溃疡斑上分离到的１个冰核活性较强菌株［Ｅｒｗｉｎｉａｈｅｒｂｉｃｏｌａ（Ｌｏｈｎｉｓ）Ｄｙｅ］和叶部分离１个冰核活性强的菌株（ＰｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓｓｙｒｉｎｇａｅＶａｎＨａｌｌ），在人工霜箱中测定，可使杨树干条的结冰温度从－４．６℃分别提高到－２．２℃和－１．７℃。初步调查研究的结果表明，北方杨树上普遍存在着冰核活性细菌，它们在引起杨树冻伤过程中起重要作用；在诱发某些干部溃疡病过程中也可能有重要影响。A number of bacteria had been isolated from different parts of poplar inLiaoning ,Heilongjiang Province and Beijing City. About 60% of the bacteria strains showedice nucleaticn activity under .5～ 6℃.Among them ,the majority of the bacteria wereisolated from the frozen bark of the poplars and most of them were INA bacteria,which couldalso be isolated from large canker lesions caused by Dotheorella gregaria Sacc.The overwintered one-year-old poplars were inoculated separately by Pseudomonas sy-ringae isolated from the leaf or Erwinia herbicola isolated from large canker lesion. The freez-ing temperature of stems was tested under laboratorial simulation conditions. The stems inoc-ulated by both of the INA bacteria suffered frost injury at 1.7℃ and 2.2℃ respectively,whereas the frozen state of the checks appeared at 4.6℃.The results showed that, INA bacteria were distributed widely in nprthern poplars. Inthe courses of frost injury ,those INA bacteria exerted important effect on the formation offrozen barks.Probably they also have some influrences in the formation of large canker le- slons.

关 键 词：杨树 冰核活性细菌 冻害 

分 类 号：S763.130.6[农业科学—森林保护学]