菹草（Potamogeton crispus）对水中氮、磷的吸收及若干影响因素  

UPTAKE BY POTAMOGETON CRISPUS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FROM WATER AND SOME AFFECTING FACTORS

作　　者：金送笛[1] 李永函[1] 倪彩虹[1] 王斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连水产学院养殖系

出　　处：《生态学报》1994年第2期168-173,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：水利部科技开发基金

摘　　要：菹草（Ｐｏｔａｍｏｇｅｔｏｎ ｃｒｉｓｐｕｓ）对水中氮、磷的吸收与ｐＨ、光照、水温、根／茎生物量比及底泥间隙水与上覆水中营养盐浓度比有关。在ｐＨ为８．０－９．５、水温为１９－２８Ｃ的实验条件下，水中ＮＨ＿４－Ｎ浓度低于０．３５ｍｇ·１左右时；菹草茎、叶优先吸收ＮＯ＿３－Ｎ；水中ＮＨ＿４－Ｎ浓度大于０．３５ｍｇ·１￣（－１）左右时，菹草则优先吸收ＮＮ＿４－Ｎ，这一选择吸收与ＮＨ＿４－Ｎ／ＮＯ＿３－Ｎ比值无关。强光照、高温（３０℃）和高ｐＮ的协同作用严重影响菹草硝酸盐还原酶活性。在自然条件下，菹草根部主要从底泥中吸收ＮＨ＿４－Ｎ、ＰＯ＿４－Ｐ，对ＮＯ＿３－Ｎ吸收甚微；茎、叶主要从水层中吸收ＮＯ＿３－Ｎ，对ＰＯ＿４－Ｐ吸收甚少。一般情况下，浮游植物和菹草对水体中的氮、磷吸收无多大矛盾。菹草倒伏后腐败分解释放大量营养盐，为浮游植物的增殖创造了条件。he uptake by Potamogton crispus of N and P nutrients from, water is related to pHvalue, light intensity, watcr temperature。 ratio of root/shoot biomass, and ratio of nutrientconcentration in the sediment pore water to that in overlaying water. The shoots and leavesof P. crispus take up more NO_3- N than NH_4-N when NH_3-N 0< 35mg/l , but take up moreNH_4-N than NO_3一N when NH_4-N 0>35mg/l A combination of strong light intensity, hightemperattire (30℃)under the same conditions (pH: 8.0一9. 5,water temperature 19一28℃ )and high pH valtie:criotisly affccted the actiuity of intrate reductase enzyme in p. crispus。The root of P.crispus prcedominatiy takes up NH_4-N and PO_4-P from sediment,while shootsand leaves mainly take up NO_3-N from water under natural condition。 After decaying,P. cris-pus released a large amotunt of:nutitrients to the water, which supper phytoplankton develop-mem。

关 键 词：水生植物 菹草 光合作用 氮 磷 

分 类 号：Q949.714.2[生物学—植物学]