嗜碱微生物多样性及其应用  

Diversity of alkalophilic miroorganisms and their applications

作　　者：田新玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微生物研究所

出　　处：《生物多样性》1994年第1期49-53,共5页Biodiversity Science

摘　　要：碱性环境最适生长的微生物称为嗜碱微生物，这些微生物主要分布在天然碱湖、碱性沙漠和土壤中。除细菌外已分离到各种各样的微生物，包括藻类、放线菌、真菌、酵母和病毒。为了适应碱性因子它们具有特殊的细胞结构和生理机能。因此，研究适应机理并利用其特殊机能具有重要的理论和实际意义，嗜碱微生物能产生多种碱性酶和其他生物活性物质，有着广阔的应用前景。Organisms with pH optima for growth in alkaline range are defined as alkalophilic microorganisms.which are mainly distributed in natural soda lake.alkaline desert and soil.Various kinds of microorganisms,including fungi,actinomycetes.yeasts and viruses were isolated in addition to bacteria.They possess special structures and physiological functions to adapt the limiting facter of alkaline for their life.Therefor.it is important to explain adaptive mechanisms.Alkalophiles are able to produce alkaline enzymes and new products.Many enzymes have been produced in industrial scale and applied in practice.The distribution.species.adaptive mechanisms and applied prospects of alkalophiles will be briefly intruduced in this paper.

关 键 词：嗜碱微生物 碱性酶 多样性 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学]