北美CHIHUAHUAN荒漠啮齿动物群落动态Ⅱ．季节性和周期性  

DYNAMICS OF THE RODENT COMMUNITY IN THE CHIHUAHUAN DESERT OF NORTH AMERICA ZENG

作　　者：曾宗永[1] 杨跃敏[1] 宋志明 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生物系

出　　处：《兽类学报》1994年第2期100-107,共8页Acta Theriologica Sinica

摘　　要：本文利用时间序列分析方法和季节性指标，讨论了北美Ｃｈｉｈｕａｈｕａｎ荒漠由４科１０属１７种啮齿动物组成的群落的物种数、单位面积个体数与生物量、物种多样性的Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ与Ｓｉｍｐｓｏｎ指数和均匀性等６个变量的季节变动、季节性和周期性。结果表明：（１）每个季节都有变量达到最大值，但除个体数和均匀性外，其余４个变量均在冬季达到最小值；（２）物种数与生物量及两个物种多样性指数之间，以及两个物种多样性指数相互之间有类似的季节变动规律；（３）除个体数外，群落数量动态的其他变量与８个物种种群的密度存在着显著的负相关关系；（４）物种数有最明显的季节性，季节性指标ＳＩ＝０．６２８；（５）物种数、个体数和生物量在９２个月的研究期中未显示出任何周期性。最后总结了该啮齿动物群落动态的时间模式，提出组成物种种群的扩散和休眠行为是形成这些模式的主要原因。In this paper the time series analysis method re and the seasonality index were ap-plied to characterize seasonal fluctuations , seasonality and periodicity of the 6 ecologicalvariables(number of species, number of individuals, biomass, index of shannon andSimpson of species diversity and evenness of the rodent community)in the ChihuahuanDesert ,which was composed 17 species of 10 genera of 4 families. The results suggested that(1)one or two of the 6 variables were maximum everyseason. Except number of individuals and evenness , the other 4 variables were minimumin winter; 2)number of species and biomass, number of specise and two indexes ofspecies diversity,and two indexes of species diversity showed similarly seasonal fluctua-tions;(3)the negative correlations between seasonal series of 5 variables ,except numberof individuals,and density series of 8 species populations were significant;(4)number ofspecies showed remarkable seasonality with seasonality Index=0. 628;(5)no periodicitywas found in number of species,number of individuals and biomass,The time patterns ofdynamics of the rodent community were discussed,which were owed mainly to dispersaland dormancy of the component species populations of the community.

关 键 词：荒漠 季节变动 啮齿动物 群落 

分 类 号：Q959.837[生物学—动物学]