七种啮齿动物视觉器官形态结构的比较研究  

THE COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE SHAPE AND STRUCTURE OF THE OPTIC ORGAN IN SEVEN SPECIES OF RODENTS

作　　者：张育辉[1] 刘加坤 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学生物系

出　　处：《兽类学报》1994年第3期189-194,共6页Acta Theriologica Sinica

摘　　要：用光镜和扫描电镜观察褐家鼠（Ｒａｔｔｕｓｎｏｒｖｅｇｉｃｕｓ）、黑线姬鼠（Ａｐｌｄｅｍｕｓａ－ｇｒａｒｉｕｓ）、大仓鼠（Ｃｒｉｃｅｔｕｌｕｓｔｒｉｔｏｎ）、棕色田鼠（Ｍｉｃｒｏｔｕｓｍａｎｄａｒｉｎｕｓ）、甘肃鼢鼠（Ｍｙｏｓｐａｌａｘｃａｎｓｕｓ）、达乌尔黄鼠（Ｓｐｅｒｍｏｐｈｉｌｕｓｄａｕｒｉｃｕｓ）和岩松鼠（Ｓｃｉｕｒｏ－ｔａｍｉａｓｄａｖｉｄｉａｎｕｓ）的视觉器官形态与构造，对其视网膜的厚度、各核层胞核的层数及大小进行了比较。在扫描电镜下统计了褐家鼠和达乌尔黄鼠的视细胞密度。结果表明，鼠类视觉器官的形态结构与其生活习性相关。即生活习性相似的种类，视器的形态结构也相似；即生活习性差异较大的种类，视器的形态结构差异也放大。同时还发现夜行性鼠视网膜上的核层局部增厚，黄鼠视网膜上的内外侧之间不对称。文中对这些结构与机能进行了讨论。In seven species of rodents,Rattus morvegicus,Apldemus agrarius,Cricetulun tri-ton, Microtus mandarinus,Myospalax cansus,Spermophilus dauricus and Sciurotamiasdavidianus,the shape of the eyeballs,the thickness of each layer in the retinas,the lay-er number and the size of nuclei in retinas were observed and compared by LM andSEM. The photoreceptor density of R. norvegicus and S.dauricus were counted bySEM. It is concluded that the shape and structure of the optic organ show much similari-ty among the species with similar habits,and show much difference among the mice withdifferent habits. In addition,it is found that there is partly thickening in the retinas ofnight mice. Within the retinas of R. dauricus,there is thickness asymmetry between themedialis and lateralis. The relationship between the structure and function was dis-cussed.

关 键 词：啮齿类 视网膜 形态学 

分 类 号：Q959.837[生物学—动物学]