卵石推移质采样器试验研究  

A Laboratory Study on Gravel Bed-load Samplers

作　　者：王平义[1] 陈远信[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都科技大学水科所

出　　处：《水文》1994年第3期12-16,共5页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：水电部水利水电科学基金

摘　　要：本文对我国的ＭＢ－２型和美国的ＴＲ－２型卵石推移质采样器的模型的水力特性和采样效率进行了对比试验研究，得到ＭＢ－２的水力效率为０．９１，ＴＲ－２的水力效率为１．０４；仪器置入水中后水流的紊动强度ＴＲ－２比ＭＢ－２大。ＴＲ－２的采样效率平均是ＭＢ－２的１．８４倍，ＴＲ－２的采样效率方差平均是ＭＢ－２的１．６７倍，即前者的采样效率比后者高，但其采样效率的稳定性比后者差。文中还给出了两种仪器的采样效率η与表示充盈度的无量纲数ｕ＿＊ｔ／ｂ（自变量）及无因次参变量ｂ／ｄ的经验关系式，可供实际应用参考。This paper shows comparison of the hydraulic characteristics and sampling efficiencies between theMinjiang Bedload-2 Basket Sampler(MB-2,China)and Toutle River-2 Pressure-Difference Sampler(TR-2,USA). The hydraulic efficiency of the MB-2 sampler is 0.91 while that of the TR-2 sampler is 1. 04.When the twosamplers are rested on the streambed, the turbulence intensity of water flow made by the TR-2 sampler is higherthan that by the MB-2 sampler. On the average,sampling efficiency of the TR-2 sampler is 1.84 times higher thanthat of the MB-2 sampler and the sampling efficiency varienec of the TR-2 sampler is 1.51 times higher than thatof the MB-2 sampler.Though the sampling efficiency of the TR-2 sampler is higher than that of the MB-2 sam-pler,that is to say,the stability of the sampling efficiency of the former is not better than that of the latter.Twoexperience expressions are obtained,of which sampling efficiency is a function of dimensionless variables ofu*t/b and b/d.

关 键 词：卵石 推移质 采样器 泥沙分析 

分 类 号：P333.4[天文地球—水文科学]