中国的灌淤人为土  

Formation and Taxonomy of Irrigation-silted Soils in China

作　　者：龚子同[1] 张甘霖[1] 王吉智 张累德[3] 袁大刚[1] 阮心玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]宁夏农业勘查设计院,银川750002 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2005年第1期4-10,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学重点基金项目 (4 0 2 3 5 0 5 4;4983 10 0 4)

摘　　要：根据灌淤人为土的形成背景、过程和诊断层 ,论证灌淤土是不同于起源土壤的人为土中的一个独立土类。Irrigation-silted soils siltigi-orthic anthrosols are mainly distributed in the arid areas in northwest China, including the north piedmont of the Kunlun Mountains and the south and north piedmonts of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, the Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province, and the Hetao area in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Inner Mongol Autonomous Region, and irrigation-silted soil is also sporadically distributed in other provinces and autonomous regions. The total area of irrigation-silted soils in China is 1.5×106 hm2, in which the area in Xinjiang occupies over 60%. In this paper, the formation and taxonomy of irrigation-silted soils in China are researched. The results are as follows: (1) Irrigation-silted soils are different from other arid soils because of its irrigation-silted layer and moisture regime; (2) The thickness of the irrigation-silted layer is thicker than 50 cm, thus the original soils, such as gleysol soil and salty soil, are buried; (3) Sedimentary stratification of irrigation-silted soils disappears under the conditions of cultivation, fertilizing and irrigation, so this kind of soil is different from the alluvic primosols with alluvial stratification; (4) Because of the seasonal irrigation, the irrigation-silted soil is different from the stagnic anthrosols under the anthrostangnic moisture regime; (5) Irrigation-silted soil is also different from the fimi-, earth-cumuli-or mud-cumuli-orthic anthrosols.

关 键 词：灌淤土 诊断层 土壤 论证 中国 过程 独立 

分 类 号：S155.1[农业科学—土壤学]