氯化亚铈催化合成乙酸叔丁酯  

Cerous(Ⅲ) Chloride Heptahydrate Catalyzed Synthesis tert-Butyl Acetate

作　　者：郭春燕[1] 黄占凯[1] 张少华[1] 刘春生[1] 罗根祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学石油化工学院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《辽宁石油化工大学学报》2005年第1期49-51,共3页Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University

摘　　要：叔丁醇空间位阻较大,乙酸叔丁酯通常是通过酰化反应来完成的,且对催化剂要求较高。以环境友好试剂氯化亚铈为催化剂,对乙酸酐与叔丁醇之间的酰化反应进行了探讨,考察了催化剂性能及反应时间、反应温度、催化剂用量、反应物料摩尔比等因素对乙酸叔丁酯收率的影响。实验结果表明,氯化亚铈对实现乙酸酐与叔丁醇的酰化反应具有良好的催化性能。通过对反应条件的优化,该酰化反应的最佳条件为:乙酸酐、叔丁醇、催化剂的摩尔比为1.5∶1∶0.004,回流时间为120min,乙酸叔丁酯收率高达82.60%。经折光率、红外光谱分析,产品具有很高的纯度。On account of the steric hindrance effect of tert-butyl alcohol, tert-butyl acetate is usually synthesized via acylation and its catalyst is requested strictly. Tert-butyl acetate was afforded from tert-butyl alcohol and acetic anhydride in the presence of cerous chloride and the catalytic activity of the catalyst was studied. Some factors, which would influence the yield of the product, such as reaction time, reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and the optimum mole ratio of reactants and so on, were discussed. The results show that cerous chloride has a better catalytic activity for the acylation of tert-butyl alcohol and acetic anhydride. The study on optimization of reaction conditions indicates that the optimal conditions of the acylation are as following the mole ratio of acetic anhydride to tert-butyl alcohol to cerous chloride is 1.5∶1∶0.004;reflux time is 120 minutes; and the yield of tert-butyl acetate is 82.60%. Refractive index and infrared spectrometry show that the product is pure.

关 键 词：酰化 乙酸叔丁酯 氯化亚铈 

分 类 号：O623.624[理学—有机化学]