陇东和陇中黑垆土的发生与演变  

GENESIS AND EVOLUTION OF HEILU SOILS IN THE MIDDLE ND EAST OF GANSU PROVINCE

作　　者：胡双熙[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学地理系

出　　处：《土壤学报》1994年第3期295-304,共10页Acta Pedologica Sinica

摘　　要：前人认为，我国黑垆土是在现代草原环境条件下形成的￣［１］。我们通过对陇东和陇中黑垆土理化性质分析，￣（１４）Ｃ年代和孢粉组成的测定，认为这里的黑垆土是由深色埋藏古土壤层和浅色表土覆盖层叠加构成。剖面呈两段性构造。古土壤层由晚更新世晚期开始发育，主要成壤于全新世中期，具有与现代成土环境不相符合的深厚腐殖质蓄积层、理化性质、孢粉成分等残遗埋藏特性。浅色表土层是全斩世晚期气候转向旱型化条件下发育的土壤，其性质和现代成土环境保持一致。黑垆土的这些特性，仅用当前草原成土环境不能完全解释其基本属性，应从第四纪晚期环境变化和黄土物质的不断沉积和加积，才能阐明黑垆土的古土壤的变质作用和黑垆土上下层段的异质特性。Our predecessors thought that heilu soils in our country were formed under mo-dern biological and climatic conditions,The author’s researches on the heilu soilsin the middle and east of Gansu Province show that heilu soils are not merely theoutcomes of modern prairie environment,also historicaI natural products.There hadbeen some very long periods of soil forming processes under prairie environment inthe early and middle Holocene and as early as in the late Pleistocene,ancient soilsformed and the profile had complete humus horizons and calcic horizons.In the lateHolocene up to present,the covering strata formed on the ancient soils under modernsoil forming environment,the soil elements were recomposed,translocated and illu、viated again in the covering strata and ancient soil horizons of the whole profile. The continued loess accumulation at a rate of 0.1-0.2mm per year is of greatsignificance to the formation of thick heilu soil peofiles,especially in the north andnorthwest of Loess Plateau。 The most striling characteristic of heilu soil profilesis that they possess thecovering strata and buried ancient soil hirizons.

关 键 词：黑垆土 环境变化 土壤发育 甘肃 

分 类 号：S151.324.2[农业科学—土壤学]