原子光谱和X射线衍射研究禄丰恐龙化石与围岩特征  

Characterization of Dinosaur Fossils and Their Surrounding Rocks by Atomic Emission Spectrometry and X-Ray Powder Diffractometry

作　　者：杨群[1] 王怡林[1] 李朝真 袁波[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南省楚雄师范学院物理系,云南楚雄675000 [2]云南楚雄州博物馆,云南楚雄675000 [3]云南大学测试中心,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2005年第2期299-301,共3页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

摘　　要：迄今为止,禄丰老长箐是世界挖掘恐龙化石较多、涵盖时间最长(含有早、中两个侏罗纪的化石)的地区。老长箐恐龙化石的发掘,为古生物研究提供了得天独厚的实验基地。文章首次对该地区3个不同层位的恐龙化石及其围岩的成分和结构做了初步分析。首先采用原子发射光谱分析,发现化石及土样中的含钙量均较高(>5%);但硅元素的含量则差别较大,在化石中的含硅量较低(3%～8%),围岩中的含硅量较高(>10%);化石中的含磷量也较高。X射线能谱的进一步分析发现,化石中的主要化学成分是CaCO3(66%),其次是SiO2(17%);围岩中的主要成分是SiO2(>80%),其次是CaCO3(12%)。此外还发现,化石和围岩的最大区别是,化石中含有氟磷酸钙,而围岩中没有该成分。这一点可以作为鉴别伪化石的一个重要特征。文章为化石的鉴别、为人类研究禄丰老长箐恐龙的生态和演化提供了一定的实验依据。More dinosaur fossils have been found in the Laochangqing valley, Lufeng county than anywhere else in the world, and the dinosaur fossils found here cover the longest time span (including the early and middle Jurassic ages). This excavation offers an ideal experimental base for prehistoric biology studies. This paper presents an elementary analysis of the components and structure of the dinosaur fossils in three different geologic-layers and their surrounding rocks in the above mentioned area. Atomic emission spectrum shows that the fossils are rich in the contents of calcium (>5%) and phosphor, but low in the content of silicon (3%-8%), while the surrounding rocks are high in the content of silicon (>10%). Furthermore, XRD results show that the major compound of the fossils is CaCO3 (66%), followed by SiO2 (17%) while that of the surrounding rocks is SiO2 (>80%), followed by CaCO3 (<12%). The most important difference between the fossils and the surrounding rocks is, according to the experiment, that phosphate has been identified in the former but not in the latter. This is a characteristic that can be used to distinguish the dinosaur fossils from other rocks. This paper provides valuable data for further zoological studies on the living conditions and evolution of the dinosaurs in the Laochangqing valley, Lufeng county.

关 键 词：恐龙化石 古生物研究 侏罗纪 发现 演化 层位 生态 鉴别 首次 含量 

分 类 号：O657.31[理学—分析化学] Q915[理学—化学]