中国叶围煤污菌初探——Ⅲ.黄瓜叶围煤污菌的研究  

AN INVESTIGATION ON PHYLLOSPHERE SOOTY MOULDS OF CHINA Ⅲ. INVESTIGATION OF PHYLLOSPHERE SOOTY MOULDS OF CUCUMIS SATIVUS L.

作　　者：张玉华[1] 王立新[1] 郑是琳[1] 姜广正 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植保系

出　　处：《微生物学报》1994年第6期469-474,共6页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

摘　　要：对山东省黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)叶围煤污菌种群组成、分布、演替和对黄瓜的生理影响的研究结果表明;8个地市黄瓜叶面真菌有15属21种,其中属煤污菌的有6属10种:链格孢(Alternaria alternata Karst.),出芽短梗霉[Aureobasidium pullulans(deBary)Arn.],芽枝状枝孢[Cladosporium cladosporioides(Fres.)de Vries]尖孢枝孢(C.oxysporum Berk.＆Curt.)大孢枝孢(C.macarocarpum Preuss),多主枝孢[C.herbarum(Pers.)Link.],球孢枝孢(C.sphaerospermum Perz.),灰腐质霉(Humicola grisea Traaen.),紫附球菌(Epicoccum purpurascens Ehrenb.ex Wallr.)和弯孢霉[Curvularia lunala (Walk.)Boed.].链格孢和枝孢霉(Cladosporium spp.)是各地区主要种群.黄瓜叶面真菌的种类和密度与苗龄、叶面可溶性糖和氨基酸组分含量成极显著正相关.随着苗龄的增长,真菌的密度和种类增多.用两个主要种群的分生孢子悬浮液接种黄瓜叶面,形成明显的煤污,导致叶面光合作用降低,呼吸作用升高,气孔阻力增大,蒸腾作用下降.穗状德氏霉(Drechsleraspicifer R.Nelson)和核茎点霉(Phoma pulaminum Speg.)是国内的新记录.The sooty moulds of Cucumis satius L. are studied from July 1987 to October 1988. The fungi isolated from cucumber leaves are identified as 21 species in 15 form-genera. Among them 10 species of 6 form-genera are so called sooty moulds e.g. Alternaria alternarta , Epicoccum purpurascens, Aureobasidium pullulans, Cladosporium cladosporioid.es, C. oxysparum, C. herbarum, C. macrocarpum, C. sphaerospermum. The isolation density of sooty moulds is of positive correlation with soluble sugars and amino acids. The isolation density and concentration of leaching substances increase with seedling age and vary in different regions. The influence of sooty moulds on photosythesis and respiration was obvious. Inoculating with mixed spore suspension of Cladosporiun spp. and Alternaria alternata, the pathological influence of sooty moulds was more intense than when inoculating with single species spore suspension. Drechslera spicifer and Phoma putaminum are new records of China.

关 键 词：黄瓜 叶围煤污菌 演替 真菌 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学]