大麦黄矮病毒的冰核活性与作物霜冻的关系  

ICE NUCLEATION ACTIVITY OF BYDV AND ITS INFLUENCE TO CROP FROST INJURY

作　　者：周希明[1] 朱红[1] 孙福在[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《微生物学报》1994年第6期457-462,共6页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

摘　　要：对大麦黄矮病毒(Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus,BYDV)的冰核活性,以及它的侵染与作物霜冻的关系进行了研究.利用人工摸拟霜箱,测试了接种BYDV的小麦等作物植株的霜冻温度,并用ELISA法检测了供试植株的病毒含量.结果表明,接种样品与对照相比,感病品种的霜冻温度升高1—2℃以上,抗病品种的霜冻温度变化不大.离体叶片测定结果表明,“中7902”的叶片中,病毒含量与霜冻温度成正相关,说明BYDV可以起到异源冰核(heterogeneous ice nuclei)的作用,它的侵染能影响作物的抗霜冻能力.用“Vali小液滴冻结法”检测提纯的BYDV,证明BYDV具冰核活性,从而首次发现病毒也能起到生物冰核的作用.Ice nucleation activity of BYDV (Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus) and the relationships between BYDV and frost injury to wheat and some other crop seedlings were tested in artificial frost chamber. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the content of the virus in leaves.The Results showed that BYDV was sufficient to incite frost injury of the susceptible plants at about-3 to -4℃,whereas the plants themselves, without BYDV, frost only occurred at much lower temperature, To resistant plants, BYOV was insufficient to raise the frost temperature.The result of lasted leaves of 'Zhong 7902' showed the more the content of BYDV in leaves, the higher the frost temperature was, that means BYDV was efficient as a heterogeneous ice nuclei, and the resistant ability to frost of the plants could be influenced by it. Vali's droplet-freezing method was used to test ice nucleation activity of BYDV, it was quite clear that BYDV had ice nucleation activity, and it was the first discovery of ice nucleation activity in virus.

关 键 词：冰核活性 病毒 大麦黄矮病毒 作物 霜冻 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学] S425[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]