推进剂用热塑性聚酯聚氨酯弹性体的结构与性能  

Morphology and Properties of Thermoplastic Polyester Polyurethane elastomer for Propellants

作　　者：何吉宇[1] 谭惠民[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100081

出　　处：《宇航学报》2005年第1期86-89,共4页Journal of Astronautics

摘　　要：针对推进剂粘合剂的需要,以聚己二酸乙二醇丙二醇酯(PEPA)为软段,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,4 丁二醇为硬段合成了一类能为硝酸酯增塑的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPUE)。该弹性体采用熔融预聚法制备。利用GPC、FTIR、DSC、X Ray,力学性能测试和硝化甘油吸收实验等分析技术对聚合物的结构和性能进行了研究。结果表明,合成的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体具有较高的相对分子质量和聚氨酯的结构特征,具有较低的软段玻璃化转变温度和加工温度,具有较好的力学性能,以及与硝酸酯良好的相溶性,具有满足推进剂使用要求的力学性能。According to propellant binder needs, a series of nitroester plastisized segmented thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPUE) based on polyethylene/polypropylene adipate diol (PEPA) as the soft segments and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) extended with 1,4-butane diol (BDO) as the hard segments are synthesized. Melt prepolymerization method is used to prepare the TPUE. GPC, FTIR, DSC, X-Ray, tensile test techniques and the irascibility with nitrate ester were applied to study the relationships between morphology and properties. The results show that the TPUE has a higher molecular weight with polyurethane characterization, and exhibits excellent integrate properties to meet requirements of propellant in terms of lower Tg of soft segments, lower processing temperature and good miscibility with nitrate ester and mechanical properties.

关 键 词：热塑性聚氨酯 弹性体 异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯 推进剂 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]