纳米二氧化钛填充橡胶复合材料的分散结构与性能  

Dispersion morphology and mechanical properties of nano-titanium dioxide filled rubber composites

作　　者：林桂[1] 钱燕超[1] 张鹏[1,2] 徐瑞芬[1,2] 于亮[1] 张立群[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学北京市新型高分子材料制备与成型加工重点实验室 [2]北京化工大学纳米材料先进制备技术与应用科学教育部重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《合成橡胶工业》2005年第2期98-104,共7页China Synthetic Rubber Industry

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金重点资助项目 (2031001 );国家自然科学基金资助项目(50303002)。

摘　　要：用粒径为20～40 nm的纳米二氧化钛(B-TiO2)填充天然橡胶(NR)和丁腈橡胶(NBR)制备了橡胶复合材料,研究了B-TiO2在橡胶基体中的分散结构、复合材料的力学性能以及抗菌性能,并与德国Degussa公司的催化剂纳米TiO2 (D-TiO2)进行了对比.结果表明,B-TiO2在NR和NBR中表现出良好的分散,绝大多数B-TiO2在橡胶中聚集体尺寸小于100 nm,特别是在NR中B-TiO2分散颗粒大小与其原生颗粒大小相近,明显优于D-TiO2在NR中的分散;在B-TiO2用量小的情况下,橡胶复合材料的力学性能基本不受B-TiO2的影响.D-TiO2对橡胶复合材料的老化性能也没有影响.橡胶基体中填充B-TiO2后,其抗菌性能明显提高,当用量超过2份(质量)时,其抗菌性能已经达到较高的水平;D-TiO2/NR抗菌效果与B-TiO2/NR的抗菌效果相当,热氧老化不影响橡胶复合材料中TiO2发挥其抗菌特性.Based on the novel nano-photoactivator titanium dioxide in 20~40 nm diameter from Beijing University of Chemical Technology (B-TiO 2), B-TiO 2/natural rubber (NR) composites and B-TiO 2/nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) composites were prepared by direct blending. The dispersion morphology of nano-TiO 2 in the rubber matrix, mechanical properties and antimicrobial properties before and after aging of the novel composites were investigated, compared with those of nano-TiO 2 from Degussa (D-TiO 2) filled rubber composites. The results showed that, B-TiO 2 aggregates dispersed finely in both NR and NBR, the sizes of the agglomerates were almost less than 100 nm, and especially the diameter of B-TiO 2 agglomerates in NR was almost the same as that of the original sizes of the aggregates, much smaller than those of D-TiO 2 agglomerates in NR. The modulus and tensile strength increased, the elongation decreased as the loading of TiO 2 increased. The mechanical properties of B-TiO 2 filled rubber composites were almost not influenced by the filled TiO 2 since the loading of TiO 2 was less. The antimicrobial properties of TiO 2 filled rubber composites were greatly improved compared with those of the unfilled composites, and the antimicrobial properties reached the high standard when the loading of TiO 2 was over 2 phr. The antimicrobial properties of D-TiO 2/NR composites were almost the same as that of B-TiO 2/NR composites. The thermal aging had no influence on the antimicrobial properties.

关 键 词：纳米二氧化钛 橡胶复合材料 分散 抗菌性能 力学性能 老化性能 

分 类 号：TQ330.38[化学工程—橡胶工业]