脉管制冷机的热力学第一定律和第二定律分析  

Thermodynamics First Law and Second Law Analysis for Pulse Tube Refrigerator

作　　者：何雅玲[1] 赵春凤[1] 吴明[1] 刘迎文[1] 黄竞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2005年第3期221-224,共4页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(50425620);全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项资金资助项目.

摘　　要：采用热力学第一定律和第二定律分别对小孔型和双向进气型脉管制冷机进行了热力学分析,揭示了制冷机内部的流动和传热过程的动态特性.用数值模拟方法得到了制冷机内部各点的压力、温度、质量流率等参数的瞬时变化情况及整机的制冷系数,并得到了制冷机各部件的损失及整机的效率.计算结果表明:针对所研究的脉管制冷机从小孔型到双向进气型的改进使得制冷机的制冷系数从 0 091 提高到了0 108,效率从25 04%提高到了29 95%;回热器和小孔阀是制冷机中产生损失的主要部件.分析结果为脉管制冷机的进一步优化指明了改进途径.The thermodynamics first law and second law analyses were performed for orifice type and double-inlet type pulse tube refrigerator (PTR), and the dynamic characteristics of the flow and heat transfer processes inside the PTR were revealed. Using numerical simulation method, detailed dynamic pressure variations, transient gas temperature and mass flow rate in the PTR, and the coefficient of performance of PTR and the exergy losses of all parts of PTR were obtained. It is found that for the PTR studied the coefficient of performance of the double inlet type can be improved from 0.091 to 0.108 and from 25.04% to 29.95% for the corresponding exergy efficiency compared with the orifice type. In addition, the regenerator and the orifice are the main components where exergy losses exist.

关 键 词：脉管制冷机 数值模拟 yōng损失分析 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]