农村粪便无害化处理试点防病效果评估  

The assessment of the effects for prevention of diseases by non-hazardous treatment of night soil at experimental spots in rural areas

作　　者：徐国雄[1] 祝学礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州河南省卫生防疫站,中国预防医学科学院环境卫生与卫生工程研究所

出　　处：《卫生研究》1994年第1期23-27,共5页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：全国爱卫办科研资助

摘　　要：本课题在１９８８年至１９８９年间，首次对分布于全国不同方位５个县的粪便无害化处理试点防病效果进行了系统观察和评估。研究结果表明：（１）各种处理设施均有一定卫生效果；（２）粪便无害化处理确能收到一定的防病效果：小学生蛔虫感染率，在集体治疗驱虫后１年，处理点比对照点低１７．４％；试点３年后居民肠道传染病发病率比试点前３年减少１０．３％；处理点夏秋季腹泻病发病率比对照点低１４．０％；甲型肝炎、伤寒和副伤寒血清抗体的阳性率处理点均低于对照点。A systematic research and assessment was made from 1988 to 1989 for the effects of prevention of diseases by nonhazardous treatment of night soil at experimental spots in five counties which are located at different position in China. The results showed:1. Ccrtain effects of sanitation were obtained with various installation. 2. Certain effects for prevention of diseases also could be obtained by non-hazardous treatment of night soil. Comparing the experimental spots with the control ones, the infection rate of roundwarm in pupils was 17.4% lower after one year chemotherapy, the morbidity of intestinal infectious diseases reduced by 10.3% at the experimental spots after three years. In summer and autumn, the morbidity of diarrhoeal diseases at the experimental spots was 14.0% lower than the control ones. The positive rate of antibody against HAV, typhoid and paratyphoid fever in pupil serum at experimental spots were also lower than that of the control ones.

关 键 词：粪便 烘便 无害化处理 农村 防病 

分 类 号：R124.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]