接触棉尘工人呼吸系统早期反应──症状与肺功能改变  

Study on early respiratory responses of new cotton workers

作　　者：马庆晏[1] 李德鸿[1] 孙仁林[1] 易赛丽 周晓燕[1] 陈巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院劳动卫生与职业病研究所,石家庄第二棉纺厂

出　　处：《卫生研究》1994年第2期109-112,共4页Journal of Hygiene Research

摘　　要：１６３名棉纺厂新工人（既往无棉麻粉尘接触史）入厂１０周后随访发现：４０人（２４．５％）出现呼吸道刺激症状，未观察到典型＂星期一症状＂。各车间症状阳性率呈现随可吸入棉尘浓度或内毒素水平升高而上升的趋势，γ＝０．９４，Ｐ＜０．０１。肺功能改变：入厂后ＦＶＣ比入厂前平均上升１２５．３ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１；ＦＥＶ１平均上升８７．５９ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１。ＦＥＶ１在入厂后占入厂前的比例平均为１０３．８％，其中仅１例低于８０％。班后ＦＶＣ比班前平均下降４６，０８ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１；ＦＥＶ１平均下降１６．４６ｍｌ，Ｐ＜０．０５。班后ＦＥＶ１下降率≥５％者２２人（１３．５％），≥１０％者７人（４．３％）。上述改变与吸烟、暴露水平等因素无关。new cotton mill workers were administered respiratory questionnair,and underwent pulmonary function testing before and 10 weeks after cotton dust exposure. Multiple workarea elutriated dust concentrations and endotoxin levels were assessed during the period.Of the workers,40 complained of one or more respiratory tract symptoms, such as cough,phlegm,throat irritation and irregular chest tightness etc, but none could fulfill the criteria of byssinosis.After exposure,FVC increased by 125.3 ml in average,P<0.01;FEV1 increased by 87.6 ml in average,P<0.01;The percentage was 103.8% in average when FEV1 after exposure was compared with FEV1 before exposure. Only one person had a percentage of less than 80% when compared individually. After a shift,in the first day of a working week,FVC reduced by 46.1 ml in average,(p<0.01);FEV reduced by 16.5 ml in average (P>0.05); 22 of them had a FEV1 reduction of more than 5%,7 had a reduction of more than 10%,none had a reduction of more than20%.Respiratory symptoms showed no relationship with pulmonary function changes.It is difficulty to reach a conclution at present time. Following up studies are still ongoing. Second Textile factory,Shi jiazhong city

关 键 词：作业工人 棉尘 内毒素 呼吸道症状 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]