低残余单体酚醛泡沫的研究  

Study on Reducing the Contents of Free Phenol and Formaldehyde in Phenolic Foam

作　　者：林强[1] 李万利[1] 颜明发[1] 黄剑莹[1] 林明华[1] 陈一虹[1] 邹友思[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学材料科学与工程系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第2期238-241,共4页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

摘　　要：针对如何降低酚醛泡沫中的残余单体(游离酚、游离醛)进行了研究.考察了不同酚醛比,反应温度,碱催化剂用量对残余单体的影响;添加尿素作为甲醛捕集剂对降低游离甲醛效果明显;采用醛酚比为 2.2,反应温度为 92℃,添加少量尿素(3 g尿素/100 g苯酚),制备出游离酚为 0.09%,游离醛小于 0.1%的酚醛泡沫,且其物理化学性能与通常条件下制备的酚醛泡沫无明显差异.Phenolic foam is made by heating a mixture of a resol,a liquid blowing agent,a surfactant,and an acid catalyst,which initiates a condensation reaction.Compared with rigid plastic insulation materials such as polystyrene,polyurethane,and polyethylene,phenolic foam has low smoke and flammability properties,which make it an excellent candidate for use in buildings,ships,and aircraft with promising developments in materials and new processing techniques.However,phenolic foam contains overly high contents of free phenol and free formaldehyde.We carried out a series of experiments on different conditions.Free phenol was characterized by iodimetry,and free formaldehyde by hydroxylamine hydrochloride method.The effect of phenol/ formaldehyde molar ratios and reaction temperature on the contents of remnant monomers was discussed.The effect of adding urea on the contents of free formaldehyde was investigated.The effect of dosage of catalyzer was discussed.Under the condition at 92℃,C_F/C_P mole ratios of 2.2 with a little urea(3 g urea/100 g phenol),phenolic foam in which the contents of free phenol was 0.09%,and free formaldehyde was less than 0.1% and contrast with phenolic foam that prepare under normal condition,the performance of physics and chemistry doesn’t obvious difference have been successfully prepared.

关 键 词：酚醛泡沫塑料 游离酚 游离醛 化学性能 甲醛 盐酸羟胺 

分 类 号：TQ328[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]