尼克红鸡染色体性别鉴定的研究  

Chromosomal Sex Identification of Nike Red Chicken

作　　者：郑喜邦[1] 何宝祥[2] 张翊华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]广西大学动物科技学院,广西南宁530005

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2005年第2期213-216,共4页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：陕西省林业厅课题

摘　　要：以引进品种尼克红鸡为研究对象 ,用羽髓法和改进的骨髓法制备染色体并对其进行 C分带处理 ,依据 C带 W染色体的存在与否 ,对 32只尼克红鸡进行了性别鉴定。结果表明 :(1 )尼克红鸡染色体经 C分带处理 ,很多微小染色体均显出深染的 C带 ,W染色体则整条深染 ,而且重复性很强 ,但大型染色体没有或仅显示很浅的 C带 ;(2 )母鸡的中期分裂相中可见到 1条完全深染的 W染色体 ,公鸡的中期分裂相中则否 ;(3) C分带技术为禽类异染色质 W染色体的识别提供了简便易行的手段 ,依此对 4 4只尼克红鸡判定的性别与这些供体鸡表型性别的符合率为 1 0 0 %;(4)应用直接羽髓法或骨髓短期孵育法制备染色体 ,结合 C分带处理 。Fourty four nike red chicken were used to studry sex identification by preparing chromosomes with the techniques of direct pulp, modified direct marrow, marrow short term incubation and C-banding. The results showed that:(1)many microchromosome were darkstained C-bands, and all W-chromosomes had ones wholly dark-stained with good repetition, but macrochromosomes had very light C-bands or not at all. (2)Being treated by C-banding technique, a totally dark-stained W-chromosome showed up in the metaphase configuration of the femal, which was easily identifiable, but did not in the male′s. It indicates that C-banding technique offers an effective approach to sex identification of the avian. (3)C-banding offers a simple and practical approach to identify W-chromosome which is heteromatic, the sexing results by C-banding were completely the same as they actually are. (4)The combination of the technique of direct feather pulp or marrow short term incubation with C-banding would be a no invasive approach to sex identification of the rare and extincting avian.

关 键 词：尼克红鸡 染色体 C分带技术 性别鉴定 直接羽髓法 改进骨髓法 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]