榕树在西双版纳热带雨林生态系统中的作用  

Function of Ficus in tropical rainforest ecosystem in Xishuangbanna

作　　者：魏作东[1] 杨大荣[1] 彭艳琼[1] 徐磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2005年第3期233-237,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30170171;30200220);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向基金项目(KSCX2SW105);云南省应用基础基金资助项目(2001C0065M;2002C0019Q)

摘　　要：榕树是西双版纳热带雨林中的关键植物类群之一 ,能够为多种生物提供栖息地和食物 ,从而维持该地区热带雨林生态系统的物种多样性。一些种类的榕树有绞杀特性 ,在森林更新演替中能够起到积极的作用 ;还有些种类的榕树是先锋物种 ,在植被恢复中起重要作用。但是 ,近些年对西双版纳的过度开发已经使热带雨林片断化 ,榕树种群数量大量减少 ,榕果内的寄生蜂、食榕果动物也受到了不同程度的影响。保护好西双版纳热带雨林中关键植物类群榕树 ,是保护和恢复热带雨林生态系统的重要措施之一。Figs are one of the key species in the tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna.Through offering habitats and foods to all kinds of animals,plants and microorganisms,they help to maintain the biodiversity in the tropical rainforest ecosystem.Some species of figs are stangler plants which play important roles in the succession and renovation of forests.Some of the species are pioneers which can accelerate the progress of vegetation restoration.The protection of Ficus species in the rainforest of Xishuangbanna is a critical step in maintaining the structure and function of the rainforest ecosystem.However,the overexploitation has made the tropical rainforest fragmented and resulted in significant decrease in fig population sizes and the quantity variation in species and populations of fig wasps and frugivores which feed on figs.Only the colony of Ficus was conserved,which is one of the important measures,could the whole ecosystem of the tropical rainforest be rehabilitated.

关 键 词：西双版纳 热带雨林 榕树 生态系统 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]