丘陵红壤开发的水土资源保护及农业产业化经营模式  

Research on water-soil resource protection & industrialized management mode in integrated exploitation of agriculture in hilly red soil

作　　者：黄道友[1] 王克林[1] 黄新 汪立刚[1] 彭佩钦[1] 刘守龙[3] 宋变兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南省农业环境保护管理站,湖南长沙410005 [3]华中农业大学资源环境学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《生态环境》2005年第1期139-144,共6页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：中科院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-SW-415;KZCX3-SW-426);国家自然科学基金项目(40235057);国家重点科技攻关项目(85-009-01-04;96-004-03-02)

摘　　要：以湖南省桃源县为例,针对目前丘陵红壤开发存在的主要问题,在探明季节性干旱成因和发生规律、水资源合理调蓄利用依据的基础上,提出了红壤丘陵区抗御季节性干旱的水分管理对策和主要措施;通过不同经营模式的水土资源动态观测、分析,提出了红壤丘陵区土壤允许流失值应≤200 t·km-2·a-1、相应的降水径流系数<0.25 等水土资源协调发展的关键技术指标,并在丘陵红壤坡地上建立了土壤侵蚀模数<100 t·km-2·a-1 的“土壤-水分-生物”资源互利型的高效利用模式。同时,以市场为导向,优化产业结构为中心,应用上述研究成果,建立了茶叶、苎麻、果业、庭园高效生态农业等四大科技先导型的产业化规模经营体系,为我国红壤丘陵区的农业产业化开发提供实用模式与示范样板。Taoyuan county in Hunan province was taken as an example to solve the main problems in exploitation of red soil in hilly area. Water management countermeasures and main ways to resist seasonal drought in hilly area were made clear. Through dynamic observation and analysis on water and soil resources under different management modes, key indexes for the sustainable develop- ment of water and soil resource in hilly area are set up. Results showed that soil loss should be lower than 200 t·km-2·a-1, and corre- sponding runoff rate should be lower than 25%. An effective mode for “soil-water-plant” resources utilization in sloping field was also set up, and under this effective mode, soil erosion amount must be lower than 100 t·km-2·a-1. Meanwhile, four key industries including tea, ramie, orchard, and yard ecological agriculture were established, providing an example for the industrialized manage- ment of agriculture in hilly area in south China.

关 键 词：农业综合开发 水土资源保护 产业化经营模式 红壤丘陵区 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]