以底栖动物评价湘江污染的研究  

AN EVALUATION ON POLLUTION IN THE XIANG JIANG RIVER BY USING ZOOBENTHOS

作　　者：刘保元[1] 王士达[1] 胡德良[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所 [2]湖南省环境保护科学研究所

出　　处：《水生生物学集刊》1984年第2期225-236,共12页

摘　　要：湘江底栖动物种类较丰富,而上游种类尤多,生物多样性明显。中、下游某些江段因污染等因素影响,多样性有差异。shannon多样性指数反映出了这些变化。上游江段属于清洁水体,中、下游多数江段属于轻污染,少数江段为中污染,而霞湾港江段为重污染。进行了水和底泥中化学毒物的含量与生物主要种类的数量变化的相关分析。Studies on zoobenthos in the Xiang Jiang River were carried out for five times between July, 1980 and December, 1981. Artificial substrate was used for sampling in all stations in the river, especially the heavily polluted area between Zhuzhou and Xiangtan.Based on the data obtained from the survey, Shannon diversity index was calculatedand used for the biological evaluation of water quality of the river. Relationship between the number of zoobenthos and the chemical content was also calculated in some stations.Results show that the mayfly naiads are more sensitive to heavy metals and pesticides.They may be used as monitors for water pollution in the river. The percentage of ephemeropterans and trichopterans as compared with that of the other aquatic insects used for water monitoring is also given in this paper.Nearly in all stations the diversity indices were more than 2.11, except the Xiawan station, where the index was only 0—0.73.

关 键 词：底栖动物 湘江 水体污染 化学毒物 种类 数量 生物多样性指数 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X832