武汉东湖沉积物和沉积物间隙水中氮和磷的含量及其分布  

CONCENTRATIONS AND DISTRIBUTIONS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS IN SEDIMENT AND INTERSTITIAL WATER OF LAKE DONGHU IN WUHAN

作　　者：张水元[1] 刘衢霞[1] 华俐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所

出　　处：《水生生物学报》1987年第2期131-138,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

摘　　要：武汉东湖的沉积物中氮(N)的平均含量上层(0—10厘米)为14.2毫克/克(干重,下同),下层(10—40厘米)为12.0毫克/克。磷(P)的平均含量上层为0.87毫克/克,下层为0.62毫克/克。沉积物中氮和磷的含量均有明显的垂直和平面分布上的差异,上层高于下层,水果湖区高于其它湖区。沉积物间隙水中总溶解氮的浓度高,平均为11.52毫克/升,主要以氨氮的形态存在,占总溶解氮的61.3%。总溶解磷的浓度较低,平均为0.113毫克/升,其中正磷酸盐占55.8%。间隙水中氮和磷的浓度均有明显的季节变动,夏季和秋季的浓度高,冬季和春季浓度低。除氨氮外,间隙水中氮和磷的浓度比底层湖水中氮和磷的浓度高,但一般不超过5倍,表明沉积物和湖水之间溶解的营养物质交换十分强烈。This paper summarizes the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus and their distributions in the sediment and interstitial water in Lake Donghu during the period from October 1982 to July 1984. The mean concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), in the sediment were 14.2 mg/g and 0.87 mg/g (d.w.) respectively, in the upper layer (0—10 cm), 12.2 mg/g and 0.62 mg/g (d. w.) in the lower layer (10—40 cm). Concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment varied greatly in both vertical and horizontal distributions. In all sampling stations, the concentrations of the mentioned substances at station Ⅰ were the highest; the concentrations in the upper layer were higher than those in the lower layer as well.The concentration of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) in the interstitial water of superficial sediments was high, being 11.52 rag/l in average. TDN existed mainly in the form of ammonic nitrogen, which amounted to 61.3% of the total. The concentration of total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) in the interstitial water of sediments was low, being 0.113 mg/l, of which 55.8% was orthophosphate. There were marked seasonal variations in the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the interstitial water, and the higher concentrations were observed in summer and autumn and while the lower ones, in winter and spring. Except for ammonium nitrogen, concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in interstitial water were generally within the range of five times higher than those in the mud. Thus, there is an intensive nutrient exchange between sediment and water in the lake.

关 键 词：浓度 干重 含量 秋季 春季 冬季 夏季 间隙水 沉积物 东湖 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学] X524[生物学—普通生物学]