两种盾盘吸虫的生活史及吸虫纲系统发生的讨论  

LIFE HISTORIES OF TWO SPECIES OF ASPIDOGASTRIDS AND THE PHYLOGENY OF THE GROUP

作　　者：唐仲璋[1] 唐崇惕[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学生物系寄生动物研究室

出　　处：《水生生物学集刊》1980年第2期153-174,共22页

摘　　要：1.本文记述分布在我国的盾盘吸虫六种:贝居腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster conchicola K.Ba-er);黑龙江腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster amurensis Achmerov,1956);饭岛腹盾吸虫(Aspidogasterijimai Kawamura,1913);印度腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster indica Dayal,1943);中华杯盾吸虫(Cotylaspis sinensis Faust and Tang,1936)及东方簇盾吸虫(Lophotaspis orientalis Faust andTang,1936)。对各虫种的形态特征作简单描述。2.印度腹盾吸虫的生殖细胞发生及早期胚胎发育经详细观察,本文简单介绍此种吸虫的精子及卵子发生、受精卵发育达到杯状蚴过程及各发育期的形态特点。3.本文报道东方簇盾吸虫的各发育期虫体的构造特征,并简单介绍杯状蚴侵入其贝类宿主的途径和寄生部位。4.本文对盾盘吸虫的分类及系统发生等问题进行讨论。Trematodes belonging to the subclass Aspidogastrea are of extreme phylogenetio in- terest. They were regarded to be a group of trematodes intermediate in systematic posi- tion between Digenea and Monogenea, After its establishment in 1936, it had been widely accepted by helminthologists (Dawes, 1941, Dollfus, 1953; Skrjabin, 1952; Chauhan, 1954; Rohde, 1971, 1973). However, knowledge regarding their biology and epizootics is not much. Life cycles are only known for a few of them such as Aspido- gaster conchicola K. Baer (See Aubert, 1855; Voeltzkow, 1888; Williams, 1842), As- pidogaster indica Dayal (See Rai, 1964), Multicotyle purvisi Dawes (See Rohde, 1971) and Lobatostoma manteri Rohde (See Rohde, 1973). More recent approach to the problem is to study them as an ancient group of trematodes probably occupying a phylogenetic position 'close to the root of Digenea' as Rohde (1973) has expressed it. For more than thirty years we have been collecting specimens and accumulating data on this interesting branch of flatworms with a purpose to study it as a model of pre-exi- sting group of digenetic trematodes so as to understand their origin and evolution. Alto- gether five species of Aspidogastrids were collected by us from Fujian (Fukien) pro- vince. In addition there were recorded the occurrences of Aspidogaster amurensis Achmerov, 1956 in Heilungjiang and in Hubei province. The five species occurring in Fujian are as follows: Aspidogaster conchicola K. Baer Aspidogaster indica J. Dayal Aspidogaster ijimai Kawamura Cotylaspis sinensis Faust and Tang Lophotaspis orientalis Faust and Tang Of these A. ijimai Kawamura and A. in lica Dayal are reported for the first time in China. Life cycles of two species, Lophotaspis orientalis and Aspidogaster indica, were elucidated. For the former the mo

关 键 词：盾盘吸虫 生活史 吸虫纲 系统发生 形态特征 

分 类 号：Q959.152[生物学—动物学]