小麦种间杂种幼胚苗分离性状及其染色体鉴定  

STUDIES ON SEEDLING OF SEGREGATING GENERATION FROM IMMATURE EMBRYOS OF SOME INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS IN WHEAT

作　　者：赵绪兰[1] 陈集贤[1] 冯海生[1] 高国强[1] 张怀刚[1] 李毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所

出　　处：《西北农业学报》1994年第2期17-22,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

摘　　要：以普通小麦为母本分别与埃及、园锥、野生二粒小麦杂交，其杂种幼胚苗Ｈ＿１的结实率与籽粒饱满度依次由低到高，Ｈ＿２到Ｈ＿３细胞染色体数恢复到亲本染色体数的程度也是依次提高的。它们与普通小麦的细胞遗传学关系亲近的程度依次是：野生二粒、园锥、埃及小麦。普通小麦／斯卑尔脱小麦Ｈ＿１的结实率和籽粒饱满度基本正常，Ｈ＿２根尖细胞染色体２ｎ为４２或以４２为主，Ｈ＿３植株ＰＭＣ染色体构型为２１Ⅱ或以２１Ⅱ为主。普通小麦高原５０６和３３８分别参与的两组合的稳定过程不尽相同，但均较上述３个种间杂种快。Triticum aestivum L. as female was crossed separately with T. aethiopicum Jakbz,T. turgidum L. and T. dicoccoides Korn. Seed sets and seed plumpness of seedlings H_1 from im-mature embryos of these hybrids were increased in the above-mentioned male sequence. Therecovery of cell chromosome number to parental chromosome number form H_2 to H_3 was in- creased in the same sequence. It was showed that the cytogenetic relationship of T. aestivumL. with these species from the closer to the more distant was T. dicoccoides Korn. ,T.turgidum L. and T. aethiopicum Jakbz. The seed set and seed plumpness of(T. aestivum L. /T. spelta L. )H_1 were basically nor- mal.The chromosome number of H_2 root tip cells 2n was 42 or majorly 42. The PMC chromo- somal configuration of H_3 plants was 21 Ⅱ or majorly 21 Ⅱ. The stabilities of two crosses(Plateau 506/T. spelta L. ,Plateau 338/T. spelta L. )were not exactly the same , but theyboth stabilized faster than the above-mentioned three interspecific hybrids.

关 键 词：小麦 染色体 幼胚苗 种间杂交 杂种 

分 类 号：S512.103.5[农业科学—作物学]