北京郊区不同水氮管理模式对冬小麦产量及水分和养分利用效率的影响  

Effects of Different Patterns of Irrigation and N Application on Grain Yield and Utilization Ratio of Water and Nutrient of Winter Wheat in Beijing Suburb

作　　者：李永宾[1] 郑丽敏[2] 廖树华[1] 朱虹[2] 刘洪见[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [2]中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院,北京100094

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2005年第2期51-56,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家高新技术"863"计划资助项目(2002AA2Z4021-1)。

摘　　要：为了探讨不同水、氮管理模式对冬小麦产量和水分、养分利用效率的影响,于2002～2004年在北京东北旺农田试验场(该地区小麦生育期常年降水约为118mm,>0℃的有效积温约为1970℃)进行了灌溉、施肥2个因素27个处理组合的田间试验。结果表明,在本试验条件下,灌水效应不显著,但水、氮交互效应及氮肥效应显著,氮肥效应值较高,增产潜力较大。适量增施氮肥,有利于提高产量和水、氮利用率。优化水、氮模式和传统水、氮模式相比,产量差异不显著;优化施氮模式下氮肥利用率最高(56.3%～70.3%),限量灌溉模式下水分利用率最高(2.81～3.73kg/m3)。优化施氮模式与传统施氮模式相比,有着明显的经济效益;但传统灌溉模式与优化灌溉模式相比,由于节省了较大的人力物力成本,经济效益增加显著。At Beijing suburb ,a field trail that included 27 treatments with 2 factors was carried out for (investigating) the effects of different irrigation and N application pattern on grain yield of winter wheat and ratio of water and nutrient in 2002~2004. The results showed that the yield effect of irrigation was not significant, but the interactive effect of irrigation and N and the effect of N was evident and the N value was high. N application increased properly could raise yield and utilization ratio of water and N. Difference of yield was not evident between traditional and optimized water and N pattern. Utilization ratio of N was maximum (65.1%～75.6%) on the ON pattern and utilization ratio of water was maximum (2.81～3.74 kg/m^3) on the SI pattern. There was evident economic-benefits difference between ON pattern and TN pattern, but TI had evident economic-benefits difference while compared with OI, was due to saving a lot of manpower and material resources.

关 键 词：冬小麦 水、氮 模式 产量 利用效率 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S318