黄土高原退化生态系统的恢复重建方略  

Tactics of Vegetation Restoration and Reconstruction for Degraded Ecosystem in the Loess Plateau

作　　者：胡建忠[1] 朱金兆[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报（社会科学版）》2005年第1期13-19,共7页Journal of Beijing Forestry University ：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973项目)"森林植被调控区域农业水土资源与环境的尺度辨析与转换"(项目编号:2002CB111503)资助。

摘　　要：综观黄土高原植被恢复重建历史,最为流行的观点当属“以古证今”和“以山证原”两种观点。而事实情况是,古代山地的植被分布,只能提供一些植物恢复重建可咨借鉴的旁证资料。对于黄土高原退化生态系统,其植被建设只能立足于现实生态环境条件,适地适树(草)适法,方能有效恢复和重建植被,以发挥其多方面的生态经济功能。植被恢复重建在不同类型区有不同模式,总体应由东南部的以乔灌为主,向西北部的以灌草为主逐步过渡。植被恢复重建目标应是建立与现实生态环境最为适应的人工植被类型。植被恢复、植被重建和植被保护3个方面相辅相成,是黄土高原地区植被建设不可分割的3条主要途径。There exist,for many years in the history of vegetation restoration and reconstruction of the Loess Plateau,two common viewponits,namely,rehabilitation from recorded data of vegetation distribution in the ancient times,and rehabilitation on the plateau from the vegetation distribution on the mountains.In reality,the vegetation distributions in ancient times and over mountain slopes supply only some references for vegetation rehabilitation.For the degraded ecosystem of the Loess Plateau,the plant vegetation can be effectively rehabilitated only through suitable measures in the adapted site conditions with appropriate trees and/or grasses based on present eco-environment,so as to bring its multiple eco-economic functions into full play.There are different patterns in different regions for vegetation rehabilitation,generally transiting from trees and shrubs type in the southeastern part gradually to shrubs and herbage type in the northwestern part.The vegetation rehabilitation should be built artificially,the type of which should be most suited for the present eco-environment.Vegetation restoration,reconstruction,and protection are the three major ways inseparable in vegetation rehabilitation in the area of Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：盖度 恢复 重建 保护 植被 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]