髋臼发育不良性髋关节的三维有限元非线性接触压力分析  

Nonlinear Contact Stress Analysis by Three Dimensional Finite Element on Dysplastic Hip Joint

作　　者：李长有[1] 王禹祥[1] 范广宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院骨科,沈阳110001

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2005年第1期18-24,共7页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

摘　　要：目的从生物力学角度探讨髋臼覆盖程度(CE角)在髋臼发育不良引起的髋关节继发性骨关节炎中的作用。方法 建立正常、髋臼发育不良及髋臼过渡覆盖的髋关节三维有限元模型,应用非线性接触压力分析方法,观察髋臼发育不良性髋关节的关节软骨接触压力及软骨下骨应力分布。结果在所有的模型中,接触压力及应力均发生在股骨头最上部及与其相对应的髋臼顶穹部。在髋臼发育不良的模型中,另有过度不正常的接触压力发生在髋臼的后上缘区域。随着CE角的减小,接触压力和峰应力明显增高,接触面积下降。当CE角大于30°,压力分布类型及接触压力和峰应力改变不明显。结论髋臼覆盖程度降低所导致的生物力学改变在髋关节继发性骨关节炎中起重要作用。Objective To investigate from biomechanics the effect of acetabular coverage level on the osteoarthritis secondary affected by dysplasia. Methods The three dimensional finite element hip models of normal, dysplastic and over-covered were established to observe the regularity of stress distribution and the areas of stress concentration in dysplastic hip by nonlinear contact analysis. Results It was found that the pressure concentrated at the superior dome in all models, and some redundant high pressure occurred at the area near posterior-superior rim only in the dysplastic hip models. With the decreasing of the CE angle, contact pressure and peak stress increased remarkably, and the contact area decreased as well. But the changes of the pressure distribution and contact pressure were not significant when the CE angle was larger than 30°. Conclusion The biomechanics changes owing to decreasing of acetabular coverage level plays an important role in the osteoarthritis secondary affected by dysplasia.

关 键 词：髋臼发育不良 CE角 压力分布 有限元法 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]