介入诊疗中重要站立区域辐射剂量的测定与评价  

Measurement and evaluation of Xray doses in important standing areas during invasive diagnosis and treatment

作　　者：郁鹏[1] 程玉玺[2] 刘澜涛[2] 燕树林[1] 李田昌[1] 尉可道[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院,北京100730 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所

出　　处：《中华放射医学与防护杂志》2004年第6期573-575,共3页Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection

基　　金：首都医学发展科研基金资助项目 (2 0 0 2 3 0 2 6)

摘　　要：目的　给出介入诊疗中重要站立区域的概念 ,测量这一区域辐射剂量的分布并分析其特点 ,为介入工作人员特别是第一术者的放射防护提出建议和理论依据。方法　在重要站立区域内 ,从距地面 10cm处向上至 180cm处 ,每 10cm选取一个测量点 ,选用介入诊疗中比较常用的冠脉造影程序 ,分 3种状态 :①不使用床上、下防护屏。②使用床上、下防护屏。③使用床上、下防护屏和铅衣防护进行辐射剂量的测定。每实验点重复测量 3次 ,取算术平均值 ,经刻度校正并折算为mGy/h。结果　成功测量 3种状态下的相关数据并绘制介入诊疗中重要的站立区域剂量分布示意图。结论　对第一术者重要站立区域内的辐射防护在整个介入放射防护体系的建立中具有重要的地位 ,应足够重视这一区域的放射防护。要注意尽可能的联合选用多种防护手段 ,特别不要忽视上、下防护屏和铅衣的选用。建议在第一术者足踝前部放置一活动铅挡板 ,或把下防护帘延长至地面以保护下肢足踝部。Objective To raise a concept on important standing areas during invasive diagnosis and treatment,measure doses of Xray radiation,and evaluate distributing characteristics within these areas in order to give suggestions on radiation protection for operators,especially for the principal operator. Methods We measured doses of Xray radiation from 10 cm to 180 cm above the round within important standing areas during coronary angiography,by choosing a measurement site in every 10 cm away from the radiation field's center.We measured doses of Xray radiation 3 times at every measurement site under 3 different conditions:no shields were used,using upper and lower radiation protection shields,and using these shields in combination with shielding clothes. Results We successfully measured doses of Xray radiation in important standing areas during invasive diagnosis and treatment under 3 different conditions,and depicted the distributing sketch maps of doses of Xray radiatin. Conclusion Radiation protection within important standing areas during invasive diagnosis and treatment plays a vital role in building the invasive radiation system,so we should attach improtance to radiation protection within these areas.Furthermore,we had better use more protection mothods simultaneously,especially the upper and lower protection shields.;

关 键 词：血管造影术 介入放射学 医疗照射 辐射防护 评价研究 

分 类 号：R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]