北方沿海西施舌苗种的人工培育试验  

Artificial Seed Breeding and Larval Culture of Coelomactra antiquata in Northern Coast in China

作　　者：李晓旭[1] 夏长革[1] 常亚青[1] 刘庆连 孙茂盛 刘富伟 

机构地区：[1]大连水产学院农业部海洋水产增养殖学与生物技术重点开放实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连庄河海洋贝类养殖场,辽宁大连116400

出　　处：《水产科学》2005年第3期1-3,共3页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家"863"课题(2002AA648010);辽宁省科技攻关项目(3003203001)

摘　　要：在辽宁省沿海首次对西施舌室内人工育苗进行了研究。试验结果表明,对西施舌种贝促熟62d,用流水刺激的方法诱导亲贝排放精、卵,亲贝个体排放比例达到60%以上,个体排卵量约为380～420万粒,其受精率为82 0%,孵化率为46 0%。在盐度为25 6～31 0,水温为23 8～25 9℃的条件下,浮游幼虫9～14d进入附着变态期,变态率为12 4%,壳长生长速度为13 9μm/d。变态后的36d内,壳长平均生长速度为76 3μm/d,成活率为80 4%。沙盘单位面积附苗量为波纹板的48 5倍。本次试验利用12m3水体育出2 5mm的稚贝21 4万枚,单位水体出苗量为1 78万枚/m3。Artificial seed breeding and larval culture of Coelomactra antiquata were conducted in an industrial hatchery in Liaoning coast of China. Over sixty percent of the broodstock were induced to spawn with a fertilization rate of 82.0% and a hatching rate of 46.0% by 62 day flowing water stimulation. The pelagic larvae were reared for 9～12 days and then set and metamorphosed at water temperature of 23.8～25.9℃, and at a salinity of 25.6～31.0. The larvae had a growth rate of 13.9 μm·d^(-1) in shell length through metamorphosis. There was a growth rate of 76.3 μm·d^(-1) in shell length and a survival rate of 80.4% within 36 days after metamorphosis. There was 47.5 times higher in the sands trays than in the transparent board in juvenile clam settlement per unit area. Output of 17.8 thousand juveniles with average shell length of 2.5 mm was obtained in 1.78 cm^3 water in present experiment.

关 键 词：西施舌 苗种 人工培育 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]