儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的诊治  

Diagnosis and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome in Children

作　　者：方争胜[1] 周顺华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省常德市第一人民医院,湖南常德415003

出　　处：《医学临床研究》2005年第3期341-343,共3页Journal of Clinical Research

摘　　要：[目的]探讨儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的临床特点和早期诊断及治疗的方法.[方法]分析经鼻咽侧位X线摄片、纤维鼻咽镜检查及多道睡眠监测(polysomnography,PSG)确诊为OSAHS的86例患儿的临床症状和体征的特点,并对其中72例扁桃体、腺样体肥大的患儿进行了手术治疗.[结果]OSAHS患儿的主要症状是睡眠时有打鼾、呼吸不畅、呼吸暂停、听力下降.术后69例患儿临床症状明显缓解,占95.8%.术后2～4个月内,对60例患儿复查PSG,发现睡眠呼吸低通气指数、夜间血氧饱和度低于0.90的时间所占睡眠时间的百分比、最长呼吸暂停时间较术前均明显改善,且差异有显著性(P<0.05).[结论]扁桃体和腺样体是儿童OSAHS的主要病因,PSG是诊断的依据,手术切除是其主要的治疗手段.To explore early detection of the obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) in children by analyzing their clinical characteristics.Clinical symtoms and signs of 86 patients diagnosed as OSAHS by X-ray for lateral rhinopharyngeal view, fibrorhinopharyngescopy and overnight polysomnography (PSG) were reviewed.Adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy were performed in 72 cases.The major symptoms of patients with OSAHS were snoring in sleep , apnea , hearing decrease. The clinical symptoms of 69 cases(95.8%) improved evidently after operations.In 2～4 months after surgery, PSG were checked in 60 patients again:apnea hyponea index(AHI), the percentage of oxygen saturation monitored in sleeping tine by pulse oximetry<0.90,the longest time of apnea were all better postoperatively than preoperatively(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Adenotonsillar hypertrophy can play an important role in the pathogenesis of OSAHS in children.PSG is the major means for diagnosing,surgery is the main method for treating.

关 键 词：睡眠呼吸暂停综合征/诊断 睡眠呼吸暂停综合征/治疗 

分 类 号：R725.638[医药卫生—儿科]