苏北潮滩不同生态带沉积物分布特征  

Characteristics of tidal flat sediment at different ecologic zones, north Jiangsu Province

作　　者：高建华[1] 欧维新[1] 杨桂山[1] 王小辉 徐庆柯 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《东海海洋》2005年第1期40-47,共8页Donghai Marine Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40206006);中国科学院全国优秀博士论文基金资助项目;江苏省"333"工程资助项目

摘　　要：利用2004年1月3日在江苏盐城珍禽国家级自然保护区核心区新洋港采集到的表层和柱状沉积物样品,采用矩值法对该潮滩沉积物粒度和粒度参数进行了分析和计算,并对潮滩沉积物的水平和垂向分布特征以及不同植被对沉积物分布的影响进行了研究,结果表明:(1)自海向陆,光滩、互花米草滩、互花米草盐蒿混合滩、盐蒿滩和芦苇地5个亚带中,光滩沉积物的粒径明显较其它4个亚带处的粒径大,在接近互花米草滩时沉积物的粒径迅速变小,而互花米草滩等其它4个亚带处的沉积物粒径则变化不大。较低部位光滩沉积物的频率分布曲线呈不明显双峰分布,而较高部位的光滩及其它生态带内的沉积物频率分布曲线均为单峰,显示出物源较为单一的特点。(2)沉积物自海向陆粒度特征的变化规律反映了潮滩水动力条件对沉积物分布的影响,尤其是反映了盐沼植物在潮滩的发育过程中所起的重要作用。(3)周期性变化的潮动力作用、潮流不对称作用、植被以及潮滩不同部位淤积演化差异的影响造成了潮滩不同部位沉积物敏感组分粒度垂向变化的差异。In this paper, the surface and core sediment samples were collected in Xinyanggang Bay, north Jiangsu Province, and their grain size parameters i.e. mean grain size, sorting coefficient and skewness were calculated. The characteristics of horizontal and vertical distribution of sediment and the deposition influenced by vegetation were also discussed, the results indicated that: the sediments of silt flat were coarser than spartina anglica flat, Artemisia schrenkiana flat, spartina anglica- Artemisia schrenkiana mixing flat and reed flat. The lower silt flat sediment frequency distribution curve was bimodality, whereas the sediments of the upper silt flat and other ecologic zone of the whole tidal flat were unimodal. The influence of hydrodynamic on sediments was also indicated by the grain sizes distribution pattern from land to sea.The spartina anglica controlled the develop of silt and Artemisia schrenkiana flat, and not only decided the bed material of Artemisia schrenkiana flat, but also continuously reformed the characteristics of silt flat sediment. The periodical change in the tidal condition, tidal current asymmetry, vegetation influence, and deposition combined with evolution discrepancy of the tidal flat caused the difference of variation intensity of sensitivity components of the core sediments which located at different ecologic zone.

关 键 词：粒度参数 沉积特征 生态带 潮滩 苏北 

分 类 号：P737.14[天文地球—海洋地质]