艾比湖地区风沙危害趋势及对欧亚大陆桥的影响  

Trend of Sand Drift Disasters in the Ebinur Lake Area and their Impacts on the Eurasian Continental Bridge

作　　者：周长海[1] 雷加强[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2005年第1期98-102,共5页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家973项目资助(G1999043504))

摘　　要：艾比湖是新疆最大的尾闾盐湖,地质历史时期和人类活动时期处于不断干缩状态,所形成的干涸湖盆物质在阿拉山口大风驱动下对区域构成风沙危害。从物质来源和驱动风力两个方面分析了风沙危害的可能性;并在剖析扬尘爆发频率和风力条件变化趋势的基础上,得出近40年风沙危害加剧的主要由于沙尘策源地扩大的结论。重点分析了欧亚大陆桥艾湖段风沙危害现状及趋势,认为由于区域风力条件的稳定性,只有在与艾比湖地区生态环境恢复重建的基础上,进行全线的生物防护措施,改善下界面状况,才能取得可持续的防沙效益。Located in the southwest margin of the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang, the Ebinur Lake is the largest saltlake in Xinjiang. The water area of the lake has significantly shrunk to form a dried lake basin for hundreds ofsquare kilometers due to the extensive exploitation and utilization of water and land resources as well as otherhuman activities. Strong winds occur frequently, erode the dried lake surface and farmlands in its peripheralregions, and result in sand drift disasters. Our analysis shows that the occurring frequency of dust storms in thearea has significantly increased since recent 40 years although the change of annual duration of strong winds isnot so obvious. This can be attributed to the enlargement of the area of dust-source lands, particularly the driedlake basin. This paper investigates the dust sources and wind patterns driving the erosion and depositionalprocesses and the change trend of sand drift disasters, especially the impacts of sand drift disasters on the railwaysection of the Eurasian continental bridge in the Ebinur Lake region. Because strong winds occur frequently in thearea, it is considered that some biological measures should be taken for protecting the railway section of theEurasian continental bridge in the Ebinur Lake region based on the restoration and regeneration of the ecologicalenvironment in the Ebinur Lake region so as to control sand drift disasters in the area.

关 键 词：欧亚大陆桥 阿拉山口 区域 趋势 风沙危害 重点分析 扩大 艾比湖 物质来源 风力 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]