人工绿洲外围荒漠植被及其群落外貌特征  

Types and Appearance Properties of the Desert Vegetation in the Peripheral Regions of Artificial Oasis

作　　者：王梅[1] 潘存德[1] 楚光明[2] 王兵[1] 李冬梅 吴飞 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]石河子大学农学院,石河子832003 [3]新疆克拉玛依市农业综合开发区办公室,克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2005年第1期107-112,共6页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关课题(2004BA606A-10;2002BA517A-07)

摘　　要：根据2002年调查取得的3796块样地资料,采用定性和定量相结合的方法,对克拉玛依农业综合开发区外围西南和西北两个研究区的荒漠植被及其群落基本类型、群落盖度及其数量分布、群落外貌及其土壤剖面特征等方面进行了研究。结果表明:①克拉玛依农业综合开发区外围的荒漠植被可划分为2个植被型、5个群系、8个群丛;②西南区梭梭群落所占面积相对最大,占研究区总面积的28.85%,西北区以梭梭+白梭梭群落所占面积相对最大,占研究区总面积的19.81%;③除芦苇群落外,西南区的白梭梭群落平均盖度最高,达到38.14%;④西南区各盖度等级分布对称,10%～25%盖度等级分布面积最大,占西南区总面积的43.25%;西北区各盖度等级面积分布呈正偏,1%～5%和5%～10%盖度等级所占面积相对较高,分别为29.22%和27.71%;⑤从总体来看,西南区植被盖度较高,西北区植被盖度较低,且退化严重。Vegetation actuality is the foundation of vegetation conservation and regeneration. In order to revealthe actuality of the desert vegetation in the peripheral regions of one of the artificial oases——the KaramayAgricultural Development Region,Xinjiang.In this paper,the main communities,community distribution,coverage and appearance features of the desert vegetation in the peripheral regions are researched based on thedata observed at 3 796 plots in 2002 and by using the qualitative and quantitative methods. The results are asfollows:(1)The desert vegetation in these regions can be classified into 2 vegetation types,5 formations and 8associations;(2)In the southwest region,the area of Haloxylon ammodendron community is the largest andaccounts for 28.85% of the total; in the northwest region,the area of the community of Haloxylon ammodendron+ Haloxylon persicum is the largest and accounts for 19.81%;(3)In the southwest region,except the communityof Phragmites communis,average coverage of Haloxylon persicum community is the highest (38.14%);(4)In the southwest region,the coverage of all the vegetation grades is similar,the areas with vegetation coverage of10%～25% are dominant and account for 43.25% of the total; in northwest area,vegetation coverage grades arepartially distributed,the areas with vegetation coverages of 1%～5% and 5%～10% are the largest and occupy29.22% and 27.71% of the total respectively;(5)Generally,the vegetation coverage is high in the southwestregion than that in the northwest region,and the vegetation in the northwest region is seriously degenerated.

关 键 词：植被盖度 群落外貌 白梭梭 分布面积 样地 荒漠 土壤剖面 西南 农业综合开发区 等级 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]