崇明东滩冬季水鸟生态位分析  

Niche Analysis of Wintering Waterbirds at the Eastern End of Chongming Island (Shanghai)

作　　者：周慧[1] 仲阳康[1] 赵平[1] 葛振鸣[1] 王天厚[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2005年第1期59-65,共7页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家林业局国家重点湿地恢复项目 ;国家"2 11"工程子项目 ;上海市科委重大科研项目 (No .0 4DZ1930 3)

摘　　要：依据 2 0 0 3年冬季对崇明东滩自然保护区越冬水鸟的种类、数量、生境类型分布的最新调查数据 ,以及上海农林局 1 0年来积累的越冬水鸟食性与形态的数据 ,采取聚类分析方法对崇明东滩冬季鸟类的群落生态进行研究 ,从鸟类的取食空间生态位、食性生态位以及形态生态位三个维度确认其生态资源分配状况 ,并由此确认了占据优势种群地位的鸟类在不同生态位维度上的分离是群落结构处于稳定状态的主要原因。Ecological niche of wintering waterbirds was analyzed by using agglomerative clustering method. Two set of data were employed in this analysis, the field survey made on bird species, bird abundance, habitat use at the Eastern End of Chongming Island in winter 2003, and the accumulated information about diet, morphological characteristics of waterbirds collected by Shanghai Farming Bureau during the last ten years. We evaluated the overlaps of ecological niche for wintering waterbirds by measuring their feeding location, diet, bill length and tarsus length, then performed agglomerative clustering analysis. We found out that the reason for the waterbirds keep their community structure stably in winter is that these species use resources efficiently in different dimension at the ecological niches level.

关 键 词：生态位分析 水鸟 崇明东滩 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]