洞庭湖区稻田土壤有机质和氮磷钾含量的变化——以湘阴县为例  

Changes of Soil Organic Matter, Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Contents in Paddy Soils in Dongting Lake Area

作　　者：任可爱 肖和艾[2] 李玲[2] 彭洪翠[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省湘阴县土肥站,湖南湘阴414600 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态重点实验室,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2005年第2期150-153,共4页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：中科院知识创新工程项目(KZCX3-SW-426);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40235057);国家"973"项目(G1999011802);湖南省自然科学基金(01JJY2043)。

摘　　要：土壤有机质和养分(氮、磷和钾等)是土壤肥力重要的物质基础。本文以地处洞庭湖腹地的湘阴县稻田为例,探讨了23年来典型湖区稻田土壤有机质和氮磷钾养分含量的变化。结果表明,研究的9个代表性稻田土壤,与1980年比较,2003年的土壤速效氮和速效钾含量分别增加12.6%和24.2%,差异达显著水平(p<0.05);土壤全氮和全钾含量分别增加8.8%和5.6%,但差异不显著。土壤速效磷和全磷含量分别增加67.2%和23.2%,差异达极显著(p<0.01)和显著(p<0.05)水平;土壤有机质含量和土壤pH值保持基本稳定。研究的稻田土壤有机质与全氮含量具有显著的正相关性(r=0.5588*,n=18),而土壤有效氮与全氮含量具有极显著的正相关性(r=0.8426**,n=18)。该区稻田氮和钾投入量基本适宜,但磷素投入量可适当减少。Soil organic matter and nutrients(e.g.nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium) play important roles in soil fertility. The changes of 23 years of the soil organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in paddy soils from Xiangyin in Dongting Lake Area were discussed. Compared with 1980, the contents of soil available nitrogen and potassium increased 12.6% and 24.2%(p<0.05) in 2003, respectively. The contents of soil total nitrogen and potassium increased 8.8% and 5.6% ,respectively, but there were not significant. The contents of soil available phosphorus and total phosphorus inceased 67.2%(p<0.01) and 23.2%(p<0.05),respectively. However, the contents of soil organic matter and soil pH kept stable. The contents of soil organic matter was correlated with the contents of soil total nitrogen(r=0.558 8~*,n=18), while the contents of soil available nitrogen was correlated with the contents of total nitrogen(r=0.842 6~*,n=18). The results implied that the input of nitrogen and potassium was moderate, but the input of phosphorus should be properly reduced in paddy soils in Dongting Lake Area.

关 键 词：土壤有机质 氮 磷 钾 稻草还田 稻田 

分 类 号：S153.16[农业科学—土壤学]