大型Kaplan水轮机枢轴-铜瓦摩擦副中的摩擦疲劳学现象  

Phenomena of Tribo_fatigue in Pivot_Copper Bushing Pairs for Large Kaplan Turbine

作　　者：艾友忠[1] 卢进玉[2] 高万振[3] 李健[3] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国长江电力股份有限公司,湖北宜昌443002 [3]武汉材料保护研究所,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《大电机技术》2005年第2期37-40,共4页Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金会资助项目(59935100)

摘　　要：对正在检修的葛洲坝水力发电厂两台125MWKaplan水轮机(ZZ500_LH_1020)枢轴-铜瓦摩擦副进行了失效分析。根据宏观磨损形貌和采用铁谱仪对润滑油中存在的磨屑形状的分析结果,确定枢轴-铜瓦摩擦副存在粘着磨损、磨料磨损和疲劳磨损3种磨损类型;在滑动摩擦过程中,同时还产生并传递着静载荷伴有脉动附加载荷的交变载荷,其损伤类型属于机械滑动疲劳损伤,即由于机械疲劳与滑动摩擦现象的动力学交互作用导致的磨损疲劳损伤。这类失效问题属于摩擦疲劳学"关于机器和设备中荷载摩擦副系统的磨损疲劳损伤和失效的科学"的研究对象。The causes of failure of pivot_copper bushing pairs in a125MW Kaplan turbine(model ZZ500_LH_1020)were analyzed during overhauling in Gezhouba hydropower plant.The type of wear in these rubbing pairs was determined from observations of their macroscopic wear appearances and analyzing their wear particles in the used lubricating_oil for their shape with a ferrograph equipment.It was indicated that there existed adhesive wear,abrasive wear and fatigue wear in the rubbing pairs.Moreover,alternating stresses resulting in static loads with accompanying subsidiary pulsating loads together were being produced and transmitted through at the same time during sliding friction.Such a kind of damage in the rubbing pairs belongs among mechano_sliding fatigue,namely,wear_fatigue damage caused by the kinetic interaction of mechanical fatigue and sliding friction phenomena.Its problem is categorized in study of tribo_fatigue which is a'science concerned with wear_fatigue damage and failure of active systems of machines and equipˉments'.

关 键 词：摩擦副 铁谱仪 机械疲劳 机器 磨损形貌 滑动摩擦 大型 疲劳损伤 磨料磨损 失效分析 

分 类 号：TM312[电气工程—电机] TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]