中国饮水型地方性砷中毒病区和高砷区水砷筛查报告  

Screening report in areas of endemic arsenism and high content of arsenic in China

作　　者：沈雁峰[1] 孙殿军[1] 赵新华[1] 于光前[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学中国疾病预防控制中心地方病控制中心,150086

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2005年第2期172-175,共4页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

基　　金：联合国儿童基金会资助项目(2002-10)

摘　　要：目的查清中国饮水型地方性砷中毒病区和高砷区的分布,为防治与科研工作提供科学依据。方法根据《中国地方性砷中毒分布调查实施方案》的要求,普查和抽样调查相结合,采用统一试剂盒半定量法进行筛检居民饮水砷。结果调查覆盖面为11个省(区)及新疆生产建设兵团的129个县和12个师,水砷超标有43个县和3个师。共筛查水井208830眼,高砷井检出率为2.62%,内蒙古自治区检出率最高为8.05%,黑龙江省最低为0.09%。高砷暴露人口110612人,其中儿童19961人。结论西部地区高砷井分布范围较广,且地方性砷中毒流行较重,防治工作重点应放在西部地区。Objective To investigate the basic distribution pattern of drinking water endemic arsenism in China, thus to offer a scientific basis for disease study and prevention. Methods According to the demand of 'the implementation scheme of distribution of China endemic arsenism', both sampling survey and overall survey were used. The amount of water arsenic was determined by half-quantitative fast reagent-box method. Results Drinking water endemic arsenism distributed in 11 provinces and 141counties. In 51counties, the drinking water arsenic content outnumbered 0.05 mg/L. In 208 830 water wells screened, the detected rate of high arsenic content (more than 0.05 mg/L) was 2.69%, with the highest in Inner Mongolia 8.05%, the lowest in Heilongjiang Province 0.09%. Conclusions Endemic arsenism in western areas spreads widely and prevails seriously; therefore, the emphasis of endemic arsenism prevention and control should be put in western areas.

关 键 词：水砷 病区 筛查 饮水型地方性砷中毒 检出率 分布调查 砷暴露 防治工作 新疆生产建设兵团 试剂盒 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学] R383[医药卫生—临床医学]