日光温室黄瓜叶片展开过程中光合特性的变化  

Changes of Photosynthetic Characteristics of Cucumber Leaves During Unfolding in Solar-Greenhouse

作　　者：艾希珍[1] 马兴庄 于立明 邢禹贤[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,泰安271018 [2]山东省东营市胜大农业公司,东营257102 [3]山东省即墨市高新农业技术开发区,即墨266100

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2005年第3期558-564,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助项目(Y2002D05)

摘　　要：不同时期黄瓜叶片的展开速度有较大差异。10 月 14 日伸出叶片的叶面积 35 d 时达到最大,12 月 1 日伸出叶 45 d 时才完全展开,且其最大叶面积明显小于 10 月 14 日伸出叶。2 月 1 日伸出叶的叶片展开速度与最大叶面积介于 10 月 14 日和 12 月 1 日伸出的叶片之间。各时期叶片的色素含量于叶片展开前期逐渐升高,20～30 d后下降。随着叶片展开程度的增加,各时期伸出叶片的 Pn 逐渐增加,20 d 左右时达到最大值,然后逐渐降低。光饱和点和补偿点多随叶片伸出时间的延长而降低。AQY 变化曲线呈单峰型,高峰分别在叶片伸出后 20～40 d 出现。CE 于叶片伸出 20～30 d 时达到最大,升降速度以 10 月 14 日伸出叶的最快,12 月 1 日的最慢。叶片伸出前期,Fv/Fm 和фPSⅡ随叶龄增大而增加,40～50 d 时开始下降。叶片初展时,气孔与非气孔因素同时影响叶片的 Pn;而叶片衰老时,光合功能的衰退主要与叶肉因素有关。Changes of photosynthetic characteristics of cucumber leaves during unfolding in solar-greenhouse were studied. The results showed that the unfolding rate of cucumber leaves at different stages was different obviously. The leaves unfolded at quicker speed in Oct.-Nov., and the leaf area was the largest on 35 d after leaf came out. While those of Dec. 1 leaves on 45 d, and their largest leaf area were less than those of Oct. 14 leaves. The unfolding rate and the largest leaf area of the leaves which came out on Feb. 1 were among those of leaves came out on Oct.14 and Dec. 1. The pigment content of leaves at different stages increased at prophase, then decreased gradually. The photosynthetic rate increased as leaves unfolding, and reached maximum on about 20th day. The light saturation point and compensation point of leaves came out in each peroid mostly decreased as they spread. AQY changed as single-peak curves, and the peaks appeared on 20-40 d after leaves came out. CE reached maximum on 20-30 d after leaves came out, and the leaves came out on Oct. 14 ascended and descended with the quickest speed, whereas those on Dec. 1 changed with the slowest speed. The Fv/Fm and фPSⅡ increased as leaf area increased, and 40-50 days later, they decreased slowly. During leaves coming out, stomatal and non-stomatal factors existed simultaneously, and they all affected Pn. While the decline of photosynthetic function mainly depended on the non-stomatal limitation in the course of senescene.

关 键 词：出叶 黄瓜叶片 叶面积 光合特性 日光温室 光合功能 光饱和点 前期 后下 升高 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]