肉鸡胫骨软骨症发病趋势及组织学研究  

DEVELOPMEMT OF TIBIAL DYSCHONDROPLASIA AND ITS HISTOLOGICAL STUDY IN BROILER CHICKENS

作　　者：罗兰[1] 高齐瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院畜牧研究所,北京农业大学兽医学院

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》1994年第1期5-12,共8页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：瑞典国际科学基金

摘　　要：本试验采用４８０只１日龄ＡｒｂｒｏＡｃｒｅｓ商品代仔公鸡，研究胫骨软骨症（ＴｉｂｉａｌＤｙｓｃｈ－ｏｎｄｒｏｐｌａｓｉａ，ＴＤ）的发生特征，胫骨软骨症随肉鸡生长的动态发展趋势以及与日粮氯和镁水平之间的关系。试验为２×２×４因子设计，日粮氯、镁分别采用２个水平，氯为０．１５％和０．３５％，镁为０．１５％和０．４０％。时间因素为第三个因子，１０天为一个阶段，共４个阶段。试验期为４０天。实验结果表明，肉鸡胫骨软骨症的发生与发展具有明显的时间性并与肉鸡的生长速度有着紧密的联系。生长较快的鸡，其ＴＤ的发病率多集中在３０日龄之前。日粮氯和镁水平与时间因素共同影响肉鸡的生长速度和ＴＤ发病率，日粮氯元素诱发ＴＤ的作用在肉鸡３０日龄之前呈逐渐增加趋势，３０日龄后作用减弱。病理组织学的研究结果显示，生长快的肉鸡ＴＤ发病率高的机制是因为胫骨软骨繁殖区非成熟的软骨细胞极度增生而形成软骨栓。软骨栓内没有血管生成，不能及时供给软骨细胞发育成熟钙化所需的营养，从而进一步加剧了软骨栓的形成，最终导致胫骨软骨症。日粮氯和镁元素以某种方式影响胫骨软骨繁殖区内血管的生成和发育，以及软骨细胞发育所需的营养供给。This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of tibial dyschondropla-sia(TD) development as broiler' s growing up and the relations between TD developmentand dietary chloride and magnesium levels. The experiment design was a completelyrandomized design with a 2×2×4 factorial arrangement of 2 level each of dietarychloride and magnesium, and growing period as the third factor,10 day as 1 phasewith total of 4 phases. Day-old male broiler cliickens(n=480)were alloted to 4 trea-tments with 3 replicate pens of each treatments and 40 chickens per pen for 40-dayexperimental period. The results indicated that the occurence and development of TDshowed an obvious time sequence and also showed a close relation to growth rate ofbroiler .Theeffect of dietary chloride inducing TD was strengthened before broilers at 30 days ofage and weakened after broilers 30 days of age,The results of histological study indica-ted that the machanism of rapidly growing chickens with high TD incidence was:im-mature chondrocytes proliferated greatly resulting in cartilage plug formation. Thecartilage plug exhibited a failure of penetration by blood vessels so that chondrocytescould not get enough nutrition to develop maturation and calcification.This lack ofnutrient supplement further aggravated the formation of cartilage plugand finallyresulted in tibial dyschondroplasia of broilers.Dietary cliloride and magnesium somehowaffected the invading and development of blood vessels in tibial proliferatingzone andaffected the nutrient supplies required for chondrocyte development.

关 键 词：胫骨 软骨症 鸡病 肉用鸡 组织学 

分 类 号：S858.317.1[农业科学—临床兽医学]