地下水NO_3^-污染的微生物修复实验研究  

An experimental study of remediation of nitrate-contaminated groundwater with microbial techniques

作　　者：张胜[1] 张云[1] 张凤娥[1] 荆继红[1] 张明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,正定050803

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2005年第2期25-30,共6页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：国家高技术应用部门发展项目"污染土体和地下水的原位微生态修复技术研究"的阶段性成果

摘　　要：随着农业的发展,尤其是化肥和农药的超量施用,产生了一系列的环境问题,已危及地下水的质量安全。大量的氮素没有被农作物吸收,经微生物硝化作用后,以硝态氮的形式进入土体和地下水。浅层地下水已普遍受到氮素不同程度的污染。本文以硝态氮污染为例,在实验室探索了硝态氮污染地下水微生物修复的实验方法,通过室内模拟含水层地下水静止条件和流动条件下,利用优选的菌群制剂和少量营养碳源,对试验区高含NO-3地下水的修复试验效果是显著的,去除率可达90%～100%。其作用还是持续的,静止条件下试验进行到256d时,其去除率仍达89 74%;流动条件下试验进行到112d时,试验主孔下游的观测孔3#、4#中的去除率也还有16 22%和27 26%。试验结果为野外现场原位微生物修复提供了技术支撑。With the development of agriculture, overuse of fertilizers and pesticides has threatened the safety of groundwater resources. A large amount of nitrogenous fertilizer that is not absorbed by crops has caused NO^-_3 contamination in the unsaturated zone and the shallow groundwater after nitrification by microbial processes. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the effects of microbial techniques in laboratory on the remediation of nitrate-contaminated groundwater. Under the simulating static and flowing conditions of an aquifer in the laboratory, we use the selecting solvate of microbial groups and a fraction of a carbon resource to remedy the groundwater contaminated by NO^-_3. The effect is remarkable and constant, and the riding rate can be up to 90%～100%, and still remains 89.74% after 256 days in the experiment under the static condition. In the experiment under flowing condition, after 112 days, the riding rate is still 16.22% and 27.26% in the 3# and 4# at the lower reaches of the main hole. The results show that the technique is useful for the removal of nitrate from groundwater in situ.

关 键 词：微生物修复 硝态氮污染 地下水 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P641.132[天文地球—地质学]