解决黄河耗氧有机物评价中存在问题的方法探讨——四论黄河耗氧有机物污染评价问题  

Problem and solution in assessing the oxygen-demanding organic matters of the Yellow River, China

作　　者：陈静生[1] 张宇[1] 于涛[1] 何大伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境学院,北京100871

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2005年第3期279-284,共6页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会;水利部黄河水利委员会联合基金项目 (批准号 :No .E0 9 5 0 2 3 90 10 )

摘　　要：黄河水泥沙含量高 ,现行的BOD5、COD和高锰酸盐指数测定方法所测结果常不能真实反映其污染状况 .针对上述问题提出在评价黄河水质时 ,不采用COD、高锰酸盐指数和BOD5的实测值 ,而采用经分别校正的数值 ,对COD和高锰酸盐指数而言 ,应从实测值中扣除由泥沙有机质本底量所产生的那部分数值 .对BOD5而言 ,既可通过改进测试操作解决 ,也可通过乘以校正系数以恢复测量过程中受泥沙沉淀影响而降低的那部分数值 .应用校正公式 ,通过案例研究 。The paper firstly pointed out the problem in assessing the Oxygen-Demanding Organic Matters of the Yellow River, that is, due to less water but more sediments and more organic matters (mostly not readily degradable) in the sediment, which can partly or entirely be oxidized under the stated conditions to detect them, the measured values of COD and Potassium Permanganate Index cannot reflect the real pollution degree in the Yellow River. BOD_5 can reflect more truly the pollution of the Yellow River, however, the present measured values of this parameter are 20～50% less than the real values because of the excessive sediment in water samples can deposit at the bottom of the bottle, which will inhibit the process of oxygen consuming, namely, the present BOD_5 values underestimate the pollution of the Yellow River when used to assess the water quality. In view of the above this paper highlighted the solution to the problems. The authors suggest that to use revised values instead of measured values of COD, Potassium Permanganate Index and BOD_5 for assessing water quality. The paper presented the revising formula, discussed the choice of the revising coefficient and validated the exactness of the revising method using case studies.

关 键 词：黄河 耗氧有机物 水质评价 有机污染物 化学需氧量 高锰酸钾指数 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X832