魏晋南北朝时期的中国东部温度变化  

TEMPERATURE VARIATION IN THE EASTERN CHINA DURING WEI, JIN AND SOUTH-NORTH DYNASTIES(220～580A.D.)

作　　者：郑景云[1] 满志敏[2] 方修琦[3] 葛全胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]复旦大学中国历史地理研究所,上海200433 [3]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2005年第2期129-140,共12页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(批准号:KZCX3-SW-321);国家自然科学基金项目(批准号: 40371019)资助

摘　　要：根据魏晋南北朝时期的异常霜雪记载及植物物候记述,推算了中国东部地区部分年代及每 30年的冬半年温度距平;并结合有关自然证据,分析了魏晋南北朝时期中国的冷暖变化特征。主要结论有: 1)魏晋南北朝时期中国东部冬半年温度距平较现代约低 0 5℃,最冷的 30年(480s^500s)较现代约低 1 2℃,是一个可与小冰期相比拟的寒冷气候阶段。2)魏晋南北朝的温度存在“冷 -暖 -冷”世纪波动;其中两个冷谷为 270s^350s及 450s^530s,当时中国东部冬半年温度分别较现代低 0 5℃ (270s^350s)和 0 9℃ (450s^530s);而 360s^440s虽然相对温暖,但当时中国东部冬半年温度仍较现代略低。Based on records of abnormal frost dates and snowfalls, as well as the description on plant phenophase in the historical documents during the Wei, Jin and South-North Dynasties (220～580A.D.), the winter half-year temperature anomaly for every 30 years and for some decades ineastern China is estimated. The temperature variation during this period is compared with other natural proxy evidence. The main conclusions are as the following: (1) The climate in the Wei, Jin and South-North Dynasties was cold. During this period, the winter half-year temperature on average in the eastern China was 0 5℃ lower than that of the present (1951～1980), the temperature in the coldest 30 years (480s～500s) was 1 2℃ lower than that of the present. According to the reconstructed temperature, the extreme cold events recorded in the historical documents, and the advancement of glaciers in the mountains in the western China, it is inferred that the cold climate during the Wei, Jin and South-North Dynasties is the one comparable with the Little Ice Age (LIA) for the past 2 000 years. (2) There was a centennial scale variation of cold-warm-cold trend during the period. The two cold troughs appeared around 270s～350s and 450s～530s, when the winter half-year temperature for the eastern China was about 0.5℃ (270s～350s) and 0.9℃ (450s～530s) lower than that of the present day. Though 360s～440s was a relatively warmer, the winter half-year temperature was still lower than that of the present. Noted here that the veritable temperature in the east of China during the Wei, Jin and South-North Dynasties might be even lower than the reconstructed temperature in this paper because the minimal anomaly days of extreme date of frost or snow to the present are used for estimating the temperature anomaly at that time.

关 键 词：魏晋南北朝 中国东部 温度 变化 

分 类 号：P423[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P467