脱细胞异体神经移植物桥接大鼠坐骨神经缺损促进神经肌结构重建和功能恢复的实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE NERVE-MUSCLE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY OF THE SCIATIC NERVE GAP BY ACELLULAR ALLOGRAFTS IN RAT

作　　者：佟晓杰[1] 张彩顺[2] 曹德寿[1] 刘承吉[3] 于频[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学解剖学教研室,沈阳110001 [2]锦州医学院附属第一医院手外科,锦州121001 [3]首都医科大学解剖学教研室,北京100054

出　　处：《解剖学报》2005年第1期1-5,共5页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 0 0 70 775 ) ;辽宁省教育厅高校科研资助项目 (2 0 12 2 177)

摘　　要：目的　探讨脱细胞同种异体神经移植物桥接大鼠坐骨神经缺损对神经 肌结构重建和功能恢复的作用。　方法　用脱细胞同种异体神经移植物桥接大鼠坐骨神经 10mm缺损 ;称量术后 12周、2 4周实验组手术侧胫骨前肌湿重 ,并与对照组术侧该肌湿重进行比较 ;用电生理学方法检测再生神经传导速度及其对胫骨前肌的再支配作用 ;用AChE和AChE结合镀银染色观察胫骨前肌内神经和运动终板的再生。　结果　术后 12周、2 4周实验组胫骨前肌湿重与对照组相比无显著差异 ;再生神经传导速度与对照组相比 ,也无显著差异 ;术后 12周肌内见有AChE阳性反应的运动终板 ;2 4周运动终板AChE阳性反应加深 ,并整齐地排列于胫骨前肌的中上部形成终板带 ,经结合镀银染色后可见再生的神经束及其发出的分支与运动终板相连 ;肌电显示再生神经已支配胫骨前肌的运动。结论　脱细胞同种异体神经移植物桥接大鼠坐骨神经缺损具有促进神经 肌结构重建和运动功能恢复的作用。Objective The experiment was designed to investigate the effect of acellular nerve allografts on the functional recovery and reconstruction of the nerve-muscle structure of the sciatic nerve defect in rats. Methods Acellular nerve allograft was transferred into the defected rat sciatic nerve with 10mm long.The wet weight of tibialis anterior was weighed at 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively compared with control group.The conducted velocity of regenerated nerve and the effect of regenerated nerve on tibialis anterior were investigated by electrophysiologic test,and silver staining combined with AChE histochemical methods were used in the experiment separately. Results The wet weight of tibialis anterior and the conducted velocity of regenerated nerve in experimental group were similar to those in control group in 12 and 24 weeks after transplantation.The positive acetylcholinesterase(AChE)histochemical reaction was observed in the tibialis anterior at 12 weeks with deeper staining and located in the middle of tibialis anterior tidily at 24 weeks after operation.The regenerated nerve bundles and nerve terminals were found to grow into the motor end-plate of the tibialis anterior in silver staining combined with AChE staining in experiment group.Electromyogram showed that the regenerated nerve has innervated tibialis anterior already.Conclusion The results indicated that extracted nerve allografts as a bridge can promote the motor functional recovery and reconstruction of the nerve-muscle structure of the defected rat sciatic nerve.

关 键 词：周围神经再生 运动终板重建 运动功能恢复 AChE结合镀银染色 大鼠 

分 类 号：R622.3[医药卫生—整形外科] R-332[医药卫生—外科学]