低温对结构钢材主要力学性能影响的试验研究  

Experimental study on the main mechanical parameters of building steel under low temperature

作　　者：王元清[1] 武延民[1] 石永久[1] 王晓哲[1] 张玉玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学土木工程系,北京100084 [2]中国铁道科学研究院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2005年第1期1-4,共4页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50078029)

摘　　要：钢材在低温条件下,其主要力学性能指标与常温条件下相比将发生变化。介绍了对常用结构钢材(Q235,16Mn,15MnV,16Mnq和14MnNbq)主要力学指标的低温试验研究成果,并分析了这些指标随温度变化的规律。试验结果表明,钢材的强度(屈服强度和极限强度)均随温度的降低而提高,塑性指标(伸长率和截面收缩率)随温度的降低而减小。该试验结果为进一步研究结构钢材在低温下的韧脆转变、断裂等行为提供了依据,有利于促进钢结构的推广应用。Under low temperature, the main mechanical properties of steel would change compared with that under normal temperature. The paper describes the experiments of main mechanical properties of some steels (Q235, 16Mn, 15MnV, 16Mnq and 14MnNbq) under low temperature, and also analyzes the characters of the mechanical properties under low temperature. The results show that the strength of steels (yielding strength and ultimate strength) increases under low temperature, while the plasticity (elongation and sectional shrinkage) decreases. The experimental results provide important data for further research on ductile-brittle transition, fracture and other aspects, and make for more extensive application of steel structure.

关 键 词：屈服强度 极限强度 伸长率 低温条件 结构钢材 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]